[Anon.]. Research on the Vema Seamount, Cape Town, Commercial Fishing Newsp. -5. 1967

[Anon.]. A System for Exploration and Utilization of Cobb Seamount : a Systems Engineering Course Study at the University of Washington, Autumn, Winter, Spring Quarters 1968-1969 : Final Report June 1969.  p. 1. 1969

[Anon.]. Cruise Report: R.R.S. Challenger, Cruise 17/1977, 5 -12th November, 1977.  NSScottish Marine Biological Association, Dunstaffnage Marine Research Laboratory, Oban (UK). 1977
     Abstract:  The events of the R.R.S. Challenger cruise, between 5th to 12th November, 1977, are described in this report. The aims of the cruise were: (1) to retrieve the SMBA shelf current meter mooring in 57 degree N, 9 degree W; (2) to work the Anton Dohrn Seamount CTD section, and additional sections between Rockall Bank and the Hebridean shelf as time permitted; (3) to make observations of droplet concentrations and sizes in sea spray; (4) to work CTD sections on the shelf to the west of the Hebrides; (5) to obtain Shipek grab bottom saples; (6) to test acoustic command releases at future operating depths; and (7) to collect 50 litre surface water samples at standard positions on the Scottish shelf for radiocaesium determination. Only aims 3 and 7 were obtained

[Anon.]. Cruise Report, R.R.S. Challenger, Cruise 11/1977, 12 - 26 July 1977. INSScottish Marine Biological Association, Oban (UK). Dunstaffnage Marine Research Laboratory.  1977
     Abstract:  The events of the R.R.S. Challenger cruise, between 12th and 26th July, 1977 are described in this report. The aims of the cruise were: (1) to service the SMBA shelf current meter mooring in 57 degree N, 9 degree W and lay another to the NW of St. Kilda; (2) to lay 4 Wormley and 1 Bidston single-strand deep moorings in the northern Rockall Channel and 1 shallower Bidston single-strand mooring at the northern edge of the Rockall Bank; (3) to repeat STD profiles at 1200 m depth at a 6 1/4 h interval at each apex of 15 km triangles centered upon 4 moorings; (4) to test and make measurements with the Heidelberg apparatus for determining the air-sea interface exchange rate by 222 Radon deficit; (5) to work the Anton Dohrn Seamount STD section; (6) to make hourly STD lowerings to 1200 m over a period of 25 h at a number of locations as time permitted; (7) to record surface temperature and salinity along the ship's track using the STD in a pumped flow on deck, and to record soundings at 10 minute intervals; and (8) to take 50 litre surface samples between the shelf-edge and the Sound of Mull for radiocaesium determination

[Anon.]. Cruise Report: R.R.S. Challenger, Cruise 10/1977, 29 June - 10 July 1977.  INSScottish Marine Biological Association. Dunstaffnage Marine Research Laboratory, Oban (UK). 1977
     Abstract:  The events of the R.R.S. Challenger cruise, between 29th June and 10th July, 1977 are described in this report. The aims of the cruise were: (1) to recover and re-lay the SMBA shelf current meter mooring in 57 degree N, 9 degree W; (2) to work the Anton Dohrn Seamount STD section; (3) to lay an IOS, Bidson tide guage to the north-eastward of Rockall Bank for JASIN '77; (4) to work 3 STD sections on the continental shelf between St. Kilda and Barra Head; and (5) towork a grid of STD and radocaesium sampling stations between the Mull of Kintyre and the North Minch, in conjunction with the Nuclear Geochemistry Unit, Chemistry Department, Glasgow University

[Anon.]. Cruise Report: R.R.S. Challenger, Cruise 13/1977, 20 August - 3 September 1977. INSScottish Marine Biological Association, Oban (UK). Dunstaffnage Marine Research Laboratory.  1977
     Abstract:  The events of the R.R.S. Challenger cruise, between 20th Aug and 3rd Sept 1977 are described in this report. The aims of the cruise were: (1) to service the SMBA shelf current meter mooring in 57 degree N, 9 degree W and retrieve another to the NW of St. Kilda; (2) to repeat STD profiles to 1200 m depth at a 6 1/4 h interval at each apex of 12 km triangles centered upon the sites of 3 deep moorings, laid on cruise 11 and a station of the Anton Dohrn STD section; (3) to make shear measurements with the RAN Gradient Richardson number meter over periods of 4 h; (4) to work the Anton Dohrn Seamount STD section; (5) to make hourly STD lowerings to 1200 m over a period of 25 h at a number of locations as time permitted; (6) to record surface temperature and salinity along the ship's track using the STD in pumped flow on deck, and to record soundings at 10-min intervals; (7) to repeat 3 shelf STD sections worked to the west of the Hebrides on cruise 10; (8) to take 50 litre surface samples between the shelf-edge and the Sound of Mull for 137 caesium determinations. Aim 5 was not completed

[Anon.]. The Hokusei Maru Cruise 6(1-3) to the Sea Area Off Hokkaido and the Sea Area of the Emperor Seamount, Northwest Pacific Ocean in June-August 1978. Data Rec.Oceanogr.Obs.Explor.Fish.Hakodate 22(1): 72-186. 1979
     Abstract:  This report presents data obtained during the cruise on: temperature, salinity and computed dynamic depth anomaly; dissolved oxygen and nutrients; plankton collected by vertical hauls with a twin Norpac net; plankton collected by simultaneous tows with Motoda horizontal nets; larval salmon gillnet fishing; larval salmon purse seine fishing; trawl fishing; salmon gillnet fishing; bottom vertical longline fishing; and seabird observations

[Anon.]. The Hokusei Maru Cruise 9 (1-3) to the Sea Area Off Hokkaido and the Sea Area of the Emperor Sea Mount, Northwest Pacific Ocean in June-August 1979. INSHokkaido Univ., Hakodate (Japan). Faculty of Fisheries.  Data Rec.Oceanogr.Obs.Explor.Fish.Hakodate, Issue #23, Hokkaido Univ., Faculty of Fisheries, Hakodate, Japan, pp. 109-250. 1980
     Abstract:  Studies were made on the origins of juvenile chum salmon in coastal and offshore areas, the distribution of phytoplankton in the Hokkaido coastal area, the circulation of nutrients in north Hokkaido coastal waters, the interaction between clay minerals and organic matter in marine sediments, the ecology of cephalopods in the waters around Hokkaido and in the north Pacific and the ecology of pelagic seabirds of the northwest Pacific. Oceanographic data on temperature, salinity, computed dynamic depth, dissolved oxygen and nutrients are given. Biological data on plankton collected, larval gillnet research, larval salmon small purse seine research, trawl research, salmon gillnet research and bottom vertical longline research are given. A study was made into the life history abundance and distribution of Phocoenoides dalli and P. truei

[Anon.]. The Origin and Evolution of Seamounts. Journal of Geophysical Research 89(B13). 1984

[Anon.]. Environment and Resources of Seamounts in the North Pacific. INSFar Seas Fisheries Research Lab., Shimizu, Shizuoka (Japan) CONFERENCE: Workshop on the Environment and Resources of Seamounts in the North Pacific. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Oceanography 47-48: 155-184. 1985

[Anon.]. Investigation of Bottom Fauna With the Pisces Manned Submersible (9th Cruise of the R/V Mstislav Keldysh ). Okeanologiya/Oceanology (Moscow) 26(2): 262-263. 1986
     Abstract:  During the 9th cruise of the R/V Mstislav Keldysh , the Pisces manned submersible was used to study the upper slopes of the Ita-Maitai and IOAN seamounts of the Magellan group at depths between 1500 and 2000 m. A total of 13 working dives were made (with biologists present as observers on three of them). Information on the bottom fauna was collected from the following sources (in order of importance): 1) direct observations from the submersible by biologists; 2) sample collection with manipulators; 3) careful analysis of all photographs and video recordings; 4) visual inspection and collection of epifauna with geological specimens; 5) debriefing of geologist observers. Numerous specific recommendations regarding the planning and conduct of observations, collection of biological specimens, keeping of dive logs, primary processing of results, processing of photographs and video recordings, and reporting on dives were developed

[Anon.]. Scientific Seamount Drilling : Report of a JOI-USSAC Sponsored Workshop, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, June 4, 5 1986.  p. 14. 1986

[Anon.]. Workshop on Environment and Resources of Seamounts in the North Pacific Shimizu Japan March 21-23 1984. NOAA Technical Report NMFS(43): 3-103. 1986

[Anon.]. Ocean Resources: EEZ Exploration and Development Targets. Sea technology 28(6): 13-22. 1987
     Abstract:  Our EEZ provides the jurisdictional regimes for exploiting such mineral-rich regions as the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Blanco Fault Zone, Gorda Ridge regions off the coasts of Oregon and Washington, and the seamount crusts of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Five distinct classes of hard mineral resources have been found in significant quantities in EEZs around the world. These are phosphate deposits; sand and gravel; placer minerals; massive and unconsolidated sulfides of copper, zinc, and other metals; and ferromanganese oxide deposits rich in cobalt, nickel, manganese, and other marine protein resources and ocean energy resources are also discussed metals

[Anon.]. The Fisheries Resources Survey in Fiji and Tuvalu.  Japan Int. Coop. Agency (JICA), Tokyo (Japan), p. -120. 1987
     Abstract:  The findings are presented of a survey conducted to obtain information on the offshore fishery resources in Fiji and Tuvalu with particular reference to seamounts. Data regarding the pole-and-line trolling, surface gillnet and bottom line fisheries are given. Oceanographic and biological data are also included. Development options for the offshore fishery resources are examined

[Anon.]. Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory Fishings in the East China Sea, the Eastern Indian Ocean, and the Central Pacific Ocean.  Shimonoseki Univ.Fish, Data Oceanogr.Obs.Explor.Fish., Issue #15, p. -42. 1989
     Abstract:  Findings obtained during cruises undertaken by 2 research vessels of Shimonosekei University of Fisheries during 1988 in order to obtain oceanographic data are presented. Together with the observations made in the eastern Indian Ocean, East China Sea and the Central Pacific, results of detective echo-survey and trial fishing of selected seamounts on the Tonga Ridge II are also given

[Anon.]. Daiichi Kashima Seamount Area, Japan-Kuril Trenches Juncture, Erimo Seamount, Northern Japan Trench Inner Wall, vol. 10, Plouzane (France), Ifremer Cent.Brest, Serv.Documentation et Publications, Camp.Oceanogr.Fr.Ifremerpp. 65-113. 1989
     Abstract: Dives NA 2-3 and 2-5 occurred on the main fault scarp splitting the Kashima seamount into two blocks. The base of the cliff was surveyed during the first dive. White layers are composed of limestone breccia and calcareous sandstones. Presence of basalt boulders was confirmed. Many scarps are interpreted as morphological expression of normal faults. Dives NA 3-1 and 3-6 occurred at the upper part of the main escarpment on the northern Japan Trench inner wall. Dives NA 3-4 and 3-5 occurred on both sides of the huge horse hoe inner wall reentrant at the junction of Japan and Kuril trenches. In each zone morphology, lithology, tectonics, biology, clam colonies, current are studied

[Anon.]. Axial Seamount. Journal of Geophysical Research 95(B8): 12,689-12,895. 1990

[Anon.]. Computerized Catalog of the Fish Collection.  California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California. 1993

[Anon.]. Western Pacific bottomfish and armorhead fisheries.  in: Report on the Status of the U.S.Living Marine Resources, L.L.Low and A.M.Shimada [eds.], pp. 93-95. 1995

[Anon.]. Fish Collection Database of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM).  Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai`I, 96817-0916 USA. 1998

[Anon.]. Seamount Species. R & D News: Fisheries research & development corporation newsletter 6(4): 10. 1998

[Anon.]. Seabed Mapping Finds New Seamounts: Satellite System 'Cheaper Than Ship Surveys'. Fishing News International (London) 38(12): 34-35. 1999
     Abstract:  Abstract not Available

[Anon.]. Species 2000, vol. Year 2000, http://www.species2000.org/. 2000

[Anon.]. Marine Vertebrate Collection Database.  Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA. 2001

[Anon.]. Fish Collection Database of the National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes. 2001

[Anon.]. Alexandria Digital Library, http://fat-albert.alexandria.ucsb.edu:8827/gazetteer/. 2002

Abe, T. and W.N. Eschemeyer. A New Species of the Scorpionfish Genus Helicolenus From the North Pacific Ocean. Ocean.Proc.Calif.Acad.Sci 34: 47-53. 1972

Abellan, L.J.L. and J.F.G. Jiminez. Results of a Longline Survey on Seamounts in the Southeast Atlantic and in CCAMLR Subarea 48.6 (Atlantic Ocean) and Division 58.4.4 (Indian Ocean). CCAMLR Science (Commission for the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources) 6: 99-116. 1999

Abramov, A.A. and N.Y. Lipskaya. Feeding of Epigonus Elegans in the Area of Seamounts of the Naska Ridge [Southeast Pacific]. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 29(1): 129-134. 1989
     Abstract:  Data were presented on the feeding of E. elegans, endemic to the Naska Ridge. Copepods, euphausiids, shrimp and fish are its main food components. Most intense feeding was observed in the daytime. The degree of fullness in the daytime was significantly higher than at night. Presumably, food digestion takes no less than 12 h

Abramov, A.A. and N.Y. Lipskaya. On the Feeding of Epigonus Elegans in the Area of Seamounts of the Naska Ridge. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 29(1): 129-134. 1989

Abramov, A.A. Age and Growth of Two Species of Bigeyes, Epigonus Angustifrons and Epigonous Elegans, From the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Journal of Ichthyology 31(2): 125-131. 1991

Abramov, A.A. Species Composition and Distribution of Epigonus (Epigonidae) in the World Ocean. Journal of Ichthyology 32(5): 94-108. 1992
     Abstract:  According to the revision of Mayer, the mesobenthic-pelagic genus Epigonus consists of 12 species. Subsequent studies increased the number of species to 25 (a key for identification is provided). The genus is divided into 4 species groups: oligolepis (3 species), telescopus (4), denticulatus (9), and robustus (9). Members of this genus are widely distributed over continental slopes, island dropoffs, and underwater rises in every ocean (from Iceland in the Atlantic to 55 degree S in the Pacific Ocean) at depths ranging from 120-1400 m. Within the genus, there are both widely distributed species (E. telescopus, E. denticulatus, E. macrops, and others), and local endemics with restricted ranges (E. fragilis, E. crassicaudus, E. elegans, etc.). The genus Epigonus is one of five genera in the family Epigonidae and is typically found on continental slopes, seamounts, and rises in the world ocean. Epigonus is a mesobenthic-pelagic fish, living mainly above the bottom and rarely entering deep water, although the larvae and young of many species undertake a pelagic form of life. Some species are of commercial value or may have a fishery potential. (DBO) | English abstract

Absalao, R.S. and E.D.C. Rios. Descriptions of Two New Species of Caelatura (Gastropoda, Rissoidea, Baerleeidae) From Brazil. Apex (Brussels) 10(2-3): 87-93. 1995
     Abstract:  Caelatura spirocordata, new species, is found from off the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro to off southern Bahia State, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by 5 or 6 strong spiral cords on the body whorl which show almost linear rows of very small pits on their upper surfaces. Caelatura barcellosi, new species, is found in oceanic island and seamounts from Northeastern Brazil. It is diagnosed by straight whorls, the presence of umbilicus, and 14-18 refractive axial ribs and sub and suprasutural cords forming blunt nodules at their intersections

Acharyya, S.K. and T.C. Lahiri. Cretaceous Paleogeography of the Indian Subcontinent: A Review. Cretaceous Research 12(1): 3-26. 1991
     Abstract:  Break-up of the Greater Indian continent influenced the Cretaceous palaeogeography of the Indian subcontinent. A new set of linear fluvial to shallow marine basins was formed prior to, but mainly during the Aptian with the extrusion of basalts close to some basins, and extensively in east and northeast India. A similar basin opened along the present southern margin of the Himalayas. A mid-Cretaceous transgression in central India came from the west, whereas the Cauvery Basin in south India and the Shillong shelf in northeast India, were connected and opened eastward. The East Coast shelf and Shillong shelf were better developed during Campanian-Maastrichtian time. Extensive basaltic extrusion during the late Maastrichtian in western India was coequal with regional regression, but marine sedimentation was unbroken from the Campanian to the Palaeocene on the Shillong shelf. The Tethyan ocean-floor flanking the Himalayan shelf and the northest margin of the Indian craton was destroyed beneath Eurasia. Its Indus-Tsangpo arm was consumed during Gampanian-Maastrichtian time, whereas northern parts of the Indo-Burmese ocean contained seamounts during the Maastrichtian and Palaeocene

Ackermand, D. Cruise Report Sonne 141, Hula 1 : Manila, Philippines - Midway, USA, 5.- 29. Mai 1999 : Interdisciplinary Investigations on the Timing of the Hawaii-Emperor Bend and the Origin of Lithospheric Anomalies Along the Musician Seamount Chain.  p. 1. 1999

Alam, M., D.J.W. Piper, and H.B.S. Cooke. Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Paleo-Oceanography of the Grand Banks Continental Margin, Eastern Canada. Boreas 12(4): 253-261. 1983
     Abstract:  Quaternary sediments cored on the continental slope off the Grand Banks and on nearby seamounts and abyssal hills have been correlated back to at least isotopic stage 6, using lithologic and biostratigraphic markers and warm-cold cyclicity in microfossil assemblages. The sequence is dated using limited oxygen isotope and super(14)C data. The oldest continental slope cores penetrate to a glacial stade with an extrapolated age of 50,000 B.P. The oldest seamount cores probably penetrate to isotopic stage 13. Watermass distribution over the area results from interaction of the Labrador Current with locally generated shelf water, and to a lesser extent, the Gulf Stream. Planktic foraminiferal assemblages and sedimentological evidence suggest that Arctic Labrador Current core water extends onto the eastern Grand Banks only during full interglacials

Albuquerque, M.N. and A. Guille. Ophiuroidea Echinodermata From Brazil Abrolhos Bank Vitoria-Trindade Range Seamounts Adjacent Continental Shelf. Boletim Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro Zoologia(353): 1-30. 1991
     Abstract:  The objective of this work has been to complement the study on the faunistic composition and the geographical distribution of the Ophiuroidea in the submerged banks of Abrolhos, Vitoria-Trindade and the adjacent continential shelf. The studied material was collected by the ship "Marion Dufresne" during the Campaign MD55/Brazil in May 1987 and 38 species are herein identified

All-Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography. Biological Resources of the World Ocean Thalassobathyal, Moscow, VNIRO. 1991

Allen, J.A. and T.H. Butler. The Caridea (Decapoda) Collected by the Mid-Pacific Mountains Expedition, 1968. Pacific Science 48(4): 410-445. 1994
     Abstract:  Thirty-three species of caridean decapods have been identified from samples taken from the guyots and their vicinity, a little-sampled region of the mid-Pacific Ocean. Considering the oligotrophic character of the environment, a remarkably diverse collection has been collected. For the most part the species are mesopelagic and bathypelagic and have a widespread, if not cosmopolitan, distribution. Nevertheless, for many species these records extend their distribution much farther north and east in the Pacific than was previously known. The few epibenthic species present are more circumscribed in their distribution. Two of these were found to be previously undescribed and are described here

Allison, E.C., J.W. Durham, and L.W. Mintz. New Southeast Pacific Echinoids. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 62: 1-23. 1967

Allman, G.J. Report on the Hydroidea Dredged by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76. Part II - The Tubularinae, Corymorphinae, Campanularinae, Sertularinae, and Thalamophora. Zoology 23: 1-90. 1888

Alton, M.S. Fish and Crab Populations of Gulf of Alaska Seamounts. NOAA Technical Report NMFS(43): 45-52. 1986

Amaoka, K. and N.V. Parin. A New Flounder, Chascanopsetta Megagnatha, From the Sala-y-Gomez Submarine Ridge, Eastern Pacific Ocean (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae). Copeia 1990(3): 717-722. 1990
     Abstract:  Chascanopsetta megagnatha n. sp. was collected from three seamounts on the Sala-y-Gomez Ridge, between Chile and Easter Island. These captures represent the first record of the genus from the eastern Pacific Ocean. The species is similar to C. crumenalis (from the Hawaiian Islands) and C. prognatha (near the Maldive Islands, Okinawa Trough, and Suruga Bay, Japan) in having a very large mouth with a well-defined gular pouch. The three species can be separated by a combination of meristic (dorsal- and anal-fin rays, vertebrae, and lateral-line scales) and morphometric characters (length of lower jaw and depth of caudal peduncle)

Ameziane-Cominardi, N., J.P. Bourseau, and M. Roux. Les Crinoides Pedoncules De Nouvelle-Caledonie (Sd-Pacifique): Une Faune Bathyale Ancestrale Issue De La Mesogee Mesozoique. C.r.hebd.Seanc.Acad.Sci 304(1): 15-18. 1987

Andre, C. and F. Pleijel. Nothria Maremontana , a New Onuphid Species Off the Portuguese Coast. Cahiers de biologie marine 30(1): 11-16. 1989
     Abstract:  Nothria maremontana sp. nov. is described. Three specimens were collected at 250-450 m depth on sea mounts off the coast of Portugal. It appears most closely related to N. britannica (McIntosh, 1903) and N. occidentalis Fauchald, 1968

Andreata, J.V. and B. Seret. List of Fishes Collected at the Continental Shelf Limits Vitoria, Trinidade and Martin Vaz Seamounts During the MD-55 Brazil Oceanographic Campaign. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 12(3): 579-594. 1995
     Abstract:  The result of an agreement between Universidade Santa Ursula, Rio de Janeiro and the Museum of Natural History of Paris, was the oceanographic campaign MD-55 Brasil which took place between May 6th and June 2nd of 1987, aboard the R/V "Marion Dufresne" of the Terres Australes et Antartique Francaises (TAAF). Samples were collected between latitudes 23 degree 36'40"S and 18 degree 49'S. Ichthyofauna sampled was relatively low, and comprised of just one family of Chondrichthyes (three species) and 50 families of Osteichthyes (104 species). Zenion hololepsis (Goode & Bean, 1895) (Zeniodontidae) is recorded for the first time from the western South Atlantic, as well as is extended the geographic limits for Myrophis frio Jordan & Davis, 1892 (Ophichthidae) and Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg, 1950 (Triglidae). Even though relatively not very representative, the species collected from the seamount chain Vitoria/Trindade and Martin Vaz suggest being identical to those which occur along the Brazilian continental platform

Andrew, T.G., T. Hecht, P.C. Heemstra, and J.R.E. Lutjeharms. Fishes of the Tristan Da Cunha Group and Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B.Smith Institute of Ichthyology 0(63): 1-43. 1995
     Abstract:  Recent collections of fishes from the South Atlantic islands of the Tristan da Cunha Group (Tristan, Inaccessible and Nightingale) and Gough Island have produced 25 new records. Fifty one species are known to occur in the near-shore waters of the islands (46 of these are documented by specimens and another 5 species are probable). A diagnosis, synonymy and in most cases, an illustration, are provided for each species. For certain species, brief notes on biology, relative abundance and seasonal distribution are included. The neritic ichthyofauna of the Subtropical Convergence (STC) region is characterized and the importance of this frontal zone as a barrier to dispersal of species in the Southern Ocean is evaluated. Analysis of the zoogeographic affinities of the Tristan/Gough fish fauna resulted in a redefinition of the West Wind Drift Islands Province (WWDI), comprising the Tristan Group and Gough in the South Atlantic and St. Paul and Amsterdam Islands in the southern Indian Ocean. Vema Seamount (west of Cape Town) and Walters Shoal (south of Madagascar) are excluded from the WWDI Province, as the affinities of their poorly-known fish faunas appear to be more with South Africa and the tropical Indian Ocean respectively

Andriyashev, A.P. Review of Liparidae (Scorpaeniformes) Form Subantarctic Islands of the Indian Ocean, With a Description of a New Species. Journal of Ichthyology 34(8): 1-10. 1995

Aoyama, J., K. Hissmann, T. Yoshinaga, S. Sasai, T. Uto, and H. Ueda. Swimming Depth of Migrating Silver Eels Anguilla Japonica Released at Seamounts of the West Mariana Ridge, Their Estimated Spawning Sites. Marine Ecology Progress Series(186): 265-269. 1999
     Abstract:  Five hormone-treated female Japanese silver eels Anguilla japonica were tagged with ultrasonic transmitters and released by submersible in the West Pacific at seamounts of the West Mariana Ridge, their supposed spawning grounds. Four eels were tracked for 60 to 423 min in the vicinity of the seamounts. They did not settle at the seamounts but swam at a mean speed of 0.37 m s-1 into open water above deep ground. Their mean swimming depth ranged from 81 to 172 m. Experiments suggest that pre-matured A. japonica migrate to their spawning grounds in temperate warm water and at shallow depths

Aydin, K. Abiotic and Biotic Factors Influencing Food Habits of Pacific Salmon in the Gulf of Alaska. Tech.Rep.North Pac.Anadr.Fish Comm: 39-40. 1998
     Abstract:  A major difficulty in assessing feeding competition, and thus quantifying density-dependent growth and the carrying capacity of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the North Pacific Ocean, arises from the large amount of variability in high-seas foraging conditions, both within and between years. Differences in prey populations, prey patchiness, seawater temperature, and other oceanographic conditions all conspire to mask the relationship between salmon density and food. Salmon density as measured by catch per unit effort does not represent uniform competition, as salmon may differ in their food preferences depending on species, size, age, or maturity condition. This study analyzed food habits of salmon collected along a 145 degree W transect line, between 50 degree and 56 degree N, in July 1994-97. Data was examined over oceanic seamounts at 143-147 degree W, 55-57 degree N, in the 1980s and 1990s. Using generalized additive models, generalized linear models, and graphical analysis of stomach content data, the contribution was shown of some biotic and abiotic factors in the feeding variability of pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), chum (O. keta) sockeye (O. nerka) and coho (O. kisutch) salmon. Results reveal the interplay between sea surface temperature, oceanographic conditions, salmon size and maturity, catch rates, and interannual changes in salmon prey. (D.B.O.)

Backus, R.H. and L.V. Worthington. On the Existence of the Seamount Known As "American Scout". Deep-Sea Research 12: 457-460. 1965

Barnett, W.B. Seamount Fishery, Foreign Vessel Observer Report, Kitakami Maru (August 15 to October 1, 1982).  Southwest Fisheries Center Administrative Report, Rep. H-81-9. 1981

Barnett, W.B. Seamount Trawl Fishery in the Fishery Conservation Zone, Foreign Vessel Observor Report, Aso Maru (September 18-26, 1982).  Southwest Fisheries Center Administrative Report, Rep. H-82-21. 1982

Barnett, W.B. Seamount Trawl Fishery.  Foreign Vessel Observor Report, Takachiho Maru (May 3-17, 1982).  Southwest Fisheries Center Administrative Report, Rep. H-82-12. 1982

Barro, M. Rapport De Mission a Bord Du Chalutier Japonais "Kaimon Maru" (Du 26 Novembre Au 10 Decembre 1980).  Centre de Noumea, p. -21. 1981

Barsukov, V.V. The Species Composition of the Genus Helicolenus (Sebastinae, Scorpaenidae, Pisces) and a Description of a New Species. Journal of Ichthyology 13(2): 161-167. 1973

Barsukov, V.V. and V.V. Fedorov. Species of the Genus Hozukius (Scorpaenidae, Sepastinae) From the Guyots of the Hawaiian Submarine Ridge. Journal of Ichthyology 15: 869-875. 1975

Barsukov, V.V., L.A. Borets, L.S. Kodolov, and V.A. Snytko. New Data on Adelosebastes Latens Abe Et Nakano, 1979 (Scorpaenidae). Journal of Ichthyology 23(4): 8-13. 1983
     Abstract:  A detailed description of Adelosebastes latens , originally described from a single specimen, a female 281 mm long, is given on the basis of 7 specimens 132-240 mm (5 males and 2 females) from the Nintok guyot (41 degree 04-08' N, 170 degree 30-32' E) caught at a depth of 1010-1060 m in February-September 1979. The taxonomic position of A. latens in the family Scorpaenidae is discussed. | English abstract

Barsukov, V.V. and L.A. Borets. New Data on the Kinmei Rosefish, Helicolenus Fedorovi (Sebastinae, Scorpaenidae). Journal of Ichthyology 23(2): 1-8. 1983
     Abstract:  Detailed morphological characters of H. fedorovi based on 8 fishes of 155-277 mm length caught in the guyots in the northern part of the Hawaiian Ridge--Kalahan, Miluoki, and Kinmei (31 degree 01'-35 degree 31'N, 171 degree 19'-175 degree 53'E), at depths of 350-550 m, during 1973-1979, are presented. The species was originally described on a single specimen (Barsukov, 1973). An identification key of Helicolenus species living in these guyots was prepared. | English abstract

Bartsch, I. Halacaridae (Acari) Von Der Josephinebank Und Der Grossen Meteorbank Aus Dem Ostlichen Nordatlantik. I. Die Halacaridae Aus Den Bodengreiferproben. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse: Reihe D 15: 51-78. 1973

Bartsch, I. Copidognathus Raekor, Eine Neue Halacaridae (Acari) Von Der Grossen Meteorbank. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse: Reihe D 16: 65-68. 1973

Bartsch, I. Halacaridae (Acari) Von Der Josephinebank Und Der Grossen Meteorbank Aus Dem Ostlichen Nordatlantik. I. Die Halacaridae Aus Den Schleppnetzproben. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse: Reihe D 13: 37-46. 1973

Bartsch, I. Brittle Stars (Ophiuroidea) in the Northeast Atlantic, in the Ibero-Moroccan-Mauretanian Region: Comparison of the Faunas With Taxonomic Remarks. Spixiana 14(1): 95-112. 1991
     Abstract:  When comparing the ophiuroid fauna collected on the seamounts Great Meteor Bank and Josephine-Bank with that from the shelf and upper continental slope off Portugal and northwestern Africa, the most obvious fact is the paucity of the seamount fauna. The dominant taxa on the seamounts are the amphiurids (Great Meteor Bank) and ophiodermatids (Josephine-Bank); both taxa are microphagous. The fauna off portugal and northwestern Africa is more diverse; beside microphagous deposit and suspension feeders macrophagous scavengers (carrion, plant fragments) and plankovores are common. The ophiuroid communities along the lower continental slope are rich in species. Of all samples studied, the highest faunal diversity was found in one from the Ibero-Moroccan Bay, taken at 1750 m depth

Basov, I.A. Stratigraphic and Biogeographic Patterns of Paleogene Planktic Foraminifers in the Subarctic Pacific. Abstracts of Papers Presented at the 30Th International Geological Congress 2: 243. 1996
     Abstract:  Deep-sea drilling at ODP Sites 883 and 884 on the Obruchev Rise provided the first continuously cored Paleogene section in the subarctic Pacific containing planktic foraminifers. Foraminifers are persistent throughout the Paleogene section at shallower Site 883 and they occur only sporadically at deeper Site 884. The uppermost Paleocene, lower Eocene, middle Eocene, and upper Eocene lower Oligocene intervals are defined based on planktic foraminifer assemblages, which are mostly composed of acarininids and subbotinids. A composition of the assemblages and species morphology as well as their general low diversity and abundances indicate temperate to cold-water habitat. They resemble the coeval assemblages from both the northern and southern high-latitude areas: Falkland Plateau, Maud Rise, Kerguelen Plateau, New Zealand, Campbell Plateau, Crimea-Caucasus, and northern Kamchatka. Despite the general impoverishment of the planktic foraminifer assemblages in the subarctic Pacific, because of both the high-latitude position of this area during the Paleogene and strong dissolution, changes in their diversity and composition through the section reflect global climatic fluctuations that had been established by a number of studies worldwide. The comparison of Paleogene planktic foraminifers from different North Pacific, both higher- and lower-latitude, sections shows that the assemblages at Obruchev Rise sites take the intermediate position between those from northern Kamchatka and Shatsky and Hess rises, respectively. The impoverished Paleogene assemblages from the former area (60 degree N) are thought to belong to the temperate-boreal province (Krasheninnikov, Serova, and Basov, 1988). In the latter area (32-35 degree N), planktic foraminifers are much more diverse and include along with acarininids and subbotinids various thermophilic forms that are characteristic of the southernmost part of northern subtropical belt. The upper Paleocene assemblage at northern DSDP Site 443, the Suiko Seamount (45 degree N) also shows subtropical features. This places the Paleogene assemblages of planktic foraminifers from the Obruchev Rise in the northern subtropical province, which is supported by paleolatitude estimates (Kono, 1974; Rea. Basov, Palmer-Julson, Allan et al., 1993) (DBO)

Battelle Seattle Research Center. Project Sea Use : Proposed Exploration of Cobb Seamount to the Oceanographic Commission of Washington.  pp. 1-15. 1968

Bauer-Nebelsick, M. Antygomonas Oreas Sp.n., a New Deep Sea Kinorhynch From the Pacific Ocean (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien.Serie B.Botanik und Zoologie(98B): 5-22. 1996
     Abstract:  A new species of Antygomonas (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) is described by means of light and scanning electron microscopical techniques from Fieberling Guyot in the Pacific Ocean. Antygomonas is characterised by following features: introvert with 7 rings of scalids (from anterior to posterior 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 14); neck with 16 placids and 32 interstitial placids; midventral placid is the widest; 1st trunk zonite as a complete ring; 2nd to 11th trunk zonite with midventral articulation; 11th trunk zonite additionally with incomplete lateral articulations; lateral acicular and cuspidate spines; middorsal spines; lateral terminal spine shorter than lateral terminal accessory spine; midterminal spine; sensory spots and modified sensory spots; oral styles with 3 elements. Antygomonas oreas sp.n. is distinguished from Antygomonas incomitata, by the number and arrangement of the lateral and middorsal spines, sensory spots, and modified sensory spots

Bayer, F.M. and J. Stefani. Isididae De Nouvelle-Caledonie (Cle Des Genres Et Description De 6 Especes Nouvelles). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 4(9A): 47-106. 1987

Bayer, F.M. Three New Species of Precious Coral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea, Genus Corallium) From Pacific Waters. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(2): 205-228. 1996
     Abstract:  Two new species of Corallium from New Caledonia with the consolidated axial skeleton having smooth pits with beaded margins accommodating the autozooids are described, Corallium thrinax with double-club sclerites, C. nix without. A third new species, C. kishinouyei, lacking smooth, well-defined axial pits and lacking double-club sclerites, is described from Cross Sea Mount south of Hawaii. Preliminary observations of axis formation are reported

Beck, L.A. Morphology and Anatomy of New Species of Neolepetopsid, Acmaeid, Fissurellid and Pyropeltid Limpets From Edison Seamount Off Lihir Islands (West Pacific). (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Neolepetopsidae, Acmaeidae, Fissurellidae, Pyropeltidae). Archiv fuer molluskenkunde 125: 87-103. 1996

Bek-Bulat, G.Z. Environmental Factors and Catch Dynamics. [Faktory Sredy i Promyslovaya Obstanovka.]. Rybnoe khozyajstvo (Moscow)(8): 45-46. 1988
     Abstract:  Short-term fluctuations in catches taken from a seamount in the south-west Pacific were studied in 1986-1987. The instability of catches above the seamounts is attributed to hydrodynamics-caused plankton biomass variations. Direct relationship was observed between the size of average daily catches and summary mesoplankton biomass which in its turn was governed by the direction of the dominant water flow

Bekker, V.E. and V.G. Prut'ko. A New Species of the Genus Diaphus (Myctophidae) From the Northeastern Indian Ocean. Journal of Ichthyology 24(6): 82-87. 1984
     Abstract:  A full description is given of a new species, Diaphus basileusi Becker et Prut'ko, caught in the vicinity of the Equator Seamount in the northwestern Indian Ocean. A comparison is made both with closely related species in the genus and also with species of doubtful validity

Belyaev, V.A. The Range of Japanese Mackerel. [Struktura Areala Yaponskoj Skumbrii.]. Okeanologiya/Oceanology (Moscow) 24(4): 689-695. 1984
     Abstract:  Data on the distribution and migration routes of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn are presented. The boundaries of the range of dependent and independent populations are outlined. Factors responsible for the expansion of the spawning part of the range and the formation of dependent populations are investigated. The Emperor Seamount area seems to hold potential for formation of dependent mackerel population under favourable hydrological conditions. Probability of formation of new elements of spatial structure in other species of the genus Scomber and in mass epipelagic fishes performing long migrations is noted

Belyanina, T.N. Observations on the Ichthyofauna in the Open Waters of the Atlantic Near the Great Meteor Seamount. Journal of Ichthyology 24(3): 127-129. 1984
     Abstract:  The results of ichthyoplankton samplings undertaken in the north Atlantic Ocean are reported. Specimens include representatives of the meso- and bathypelagic species of tropical and temperate waters of the open ocean

Belyanina, T.N. Preliminary Data on Ichthyoplankton of Seamount Regions of the Northwestern Indian Ocean. Okeanologiya/Oceanology (Moscow) 25(6): 1013-1016. 1985
     Abstract:  Ichthyoplankton of seamount regions of the North-Western Indian Ocean (Equator, Freda, Farqoir) consists of oceanic midwater fish larvae principally. Scarce larvae of engybenthic fishes have been caught above the Equator Mount. Larvae of neritic fishes evidently drifted from shelf zone of neighboring islands occurred near and above the Freda and Farqoir Mounts. Any aggregations of larvae in the seamount regions have not been found. Some data on vertical distribution of larvae are given

Belyanina, T.N. Ichthyoplankton From Seamount in the Northwestern Indian Ocean With a Description of Development Stages of Triphoturus Nigrescens Brauer and 3 Forms of the Genus Diaphus (the Family Myctophidae) [Ikhtioplankton Rajonov Podvodnykh Polnyatij...], T.S.Rass, Transactions of the PP Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (Russia), vol. 116, Tr.Inst.Okeanol., Ichthyoplankton and Its Role in Studies of World Ocean Fish Fauna.  [Ikhtioplankton I Ego Znachenie...]pp. 73-84. 1986
     Abstract: The samples were collected above the Equator, Fred and Farquhar seamounts during the 36th cruise of the R/V Akademik Kurchatov in March-early May 1983. Larvae of more than 90 species and genera of oceanic deep-sea fishes belonging to 27 families and species of 45 families of neritic fishes were identified. Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer), Diaphus gr. fulgens, Diaphus gr. brachycephalus richardsoni and Diaphus jenseni Taning are described and figured

Belyanina, T.N. Ichthyoplankton in the Regions of the Nazca and Sala y Gomes Submarine Ridges. Journal of Ichthyology 29: 84-90. 1989

Belyanina, T.N. A Contribution to the Study of Ichthyoplankton Over Submarine Rises in the Western Indian Ocean. [ K Issledovaniyu Ikhtioplanktona Podvodnykh Podnyatij Zapadnoj Chasti Indijskogo Okeana.]. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 32(5): 41-47. 1992
     Abstract:  The paper is concerned with an analysis of ichthyoplankton samples collected over Saya de Malha and Walters banks. Predominant over Walters Seamount were the larvae of mesopelagic oceanic fishes, the fry of deepwater benthopelagic species were not numerous and the larvae of shallow-water fishes occurred only as single specimens. Over the seamount summit the taxonomic composition of ichthyoplankton was poorer and the biomass and abundance were lower. An appreciable proportion of samples from Saya de Malha bank was accounted for by the larvae of shallow-water species while the larvae of deepwater benthopelagic fishes were rare. The taxonomic composition of ichthyoplankton over the bank was more diverse, and the abundance and biomass were much higher than over Walters Seamount

Belyanina, T.N. An Investigation of the Ichthyoplankton on Seamounts in the Western Indian Ocean. Journal of Ichthyology 33(2): 17-25. 1992
     Abstract:  In pelagic waters above the Walters Seamount and Saya de Malha Bank, 35 ichthyoplankton samples were collected. In addition, above the Saya de Malha Bank, several epibenthic samples were also taken. Larval mesopelagic oceanic fish were exceedingly predominant above the Walters Seamount. Juveniles of deep-water benthopelagic species were rarely found. The larvae of shallow-water fishes were encountered only individually. Above the seamount peak, an impoverishment of species diversity and some reduction in biomass and abundance of ichthyoplankton were noted. Over the Saya de Malha Bank, a significant portion of the catch consisted of larval shallow-water fish in addition to larval mesopelagic fish; larvae of deep-water benthopelagic fish were rare. The taxonomic composition of the ichthyoplankton over the banks was more varied, its numbers and biomass-slightly higher than those over the Walters Seamount. (DBO)

Belyanina, T.P. Larvae and Fingerlings of Little-Known Benthic and Benthopelagic Fishes From the Nasca and Sala y Gomez Ridges. Journal of Ichthyology 30(8): 1-11. 1990
     Abstract:  Descriptions are given of the late larval stages and fingerling of 7 species of benthopelagic fishes from the Nasca and Sala y Gomez submarine ridges (Synodus sp., Chlorophthalmus ichthyandri, Osopsaron karlik, Chrionema pallidum, Parapercis dockinsi , Helicolenus lengerichi, Engyprosopon sp.). | English abstract

Belyayev, V.A. Formation of New Elements in the Structure of the Range of Epipelagic Fishes in the Area of the Kuroshio Current. Journal of Ichthyology 30: 90-100. 1990

Benton, L.D. Origin and Evolution of Serpentine Seamount Fluids, Mariana and Izu-Bonin Forearcs : Implications for the Recycling of Subducted Material /.  p. xii-209. 1997

Benzhitskij, A.G. Microplankton ATP Concentration Above the Equator Seamount in the Indian Ocean. [Kontsentratsiya ATF Mikroplanktona Nad Podvodnoj Goroj Ehkvator v Indijskom Okeane.]. Ekologiia morya(27): 12-15. 1987
     Abstract:  From the analysis of data obtained during the 16th cruise of the R/V Professor Vodyanitskij in Jan.-May 1984 it has been established that low values of microplankton ATP above the Seamount summit were associated with a certain water autonomy in the cold eddy. The high values were confined to a satellite eddy which is a migrating warm anomaly. Bottom elevations were found to induce eddy generation and to produce a considerable effect on inhomogeneity of water bioproductivity which resulted in the formation of high concentrations of live fractions of microplankton

Bernard, F.R. Five New Species of the Family Limidae (Bivalvia) From the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Venus the Japanese Journal of Malacology 47(4): 225-232. 1988
     Abstract:  Five new limid bivalves from the eastern Pacific Ocean are described. They are, Limaria valdiviesae from northern Chile, 100 m deep; Limatula macleani from off San Pedro, southern California, 560 m deep; L. californica from off Santa Catalina Island, southern California, 144 m deep; Plicacesta nasca from off Shoal Guyot, west of Chile, 228 m deep; and Limatuletta coani from off Patton Escarpment, southern California, 3706 - 3806 m deep

Berrisford, C.D. Biology and Zoogeography of the Vema Seamount: a Report on the First Biological Collection Made on the Summit
1. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 38: 387-398. 1969

Bertram, M.A. Benthic-Biogeochemical Responses to Particle Flux : the Minerals and Microbiota of Cross Seamount, University of Hawaii at Manoap. 258. 1995

Bertram, M.A. and J.P. Cowen. Temporal Variations in the Deep-Water Colonization Rates of Small Benthic Foraminifera: The Results of an Experiment on Cross Seamount. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 46(6): 1021-1049. 1999
     Abstract:  Modern benthic foraminifera are important remineralizers of organic matter and a link between surface-ocean production and life in the deep sea. Assemblages of benthic foraminifera are preserved in the fossil record, providing clues to paleoceanographic conditions. These clues can be fully interpreted only when our knowledge of the biology and ecology of modern species is more complete. To study factors influencing foraminiferal colonization rates, artificial substrates were placed on Cross Seamount (18degree40'N, 158degree17'W) for 1 to 42 months between 1989 and 1994. The colonization rates of benthic foraminifera onto different substrates (five mineral types were used) at four water depths (800, 975, 1285 and 2000 m) were determined. Both calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera inhabited these artificial substrates at different rates. Many of the agglutinated forms colonized at a uniform rate through time. The colonization rates of other foraminifera, primarily calcareous forms, were not constant through time, nor could the variability be attributed to the controlled variables (water depth and substrate composition). Instead, these temporal variations in colonization rate corresponded with shifts in surface ocean conditions and export fluxes in the central Pacific. Other ecological observations are also presented, including size- and spatial-distributions

Bezrukov, Y.F. and V.V. Natarov. Formation of Abiotic Conditions Above Submarine Elevations of Some Regions of the Pacific Ocean. Izvestiya Tniro 100: 93-99. 1976

Bezrukov, Y.F. and V.B. DARNITSKY. Oceanological Conditions and Their Variability in the Wanganella Bank Area.  Marine Hydrophysical Investigations, Marine Hydrophysical Intitute, Academia Nauk Ukr.SSR 3(177): 185. 1979

Bieler, R. Die Gattungen Der Architectonicidae.  Allgemeines Und Tiel 1. Pseudomalaxis.Arch.Moll. 115: 53-103. 1984

Birkeland, C. Biological Observations on Cobb Seamount. Northwest Science 45: 193-199. 1971

Biscoito, M.J. and G.E. Maul. A New Species of Laemonema From the Northeastern Atlantic [Ocean] (Pisces: Moridae). Bocagiana (Funchal)(127): 1-8. 1989
     Abstract:  A new species of Eretmophoridae: Laemonema curtipes, is described from a specimen collected in ca. 220m depth at the Seine Seamount [33.degree.45'.8N, 14.degree.20'.6W]

Black, M. Three Non-Magnetic Sea Mounts Off the Iberian Coast.  p. 41. 1964

Bobykina, V.P., B.I. Vasilev, and G.M. Tomilov. Novye Dannye Po Geomorfologii i Geologii Zapadnoi Chasti Tikhogo Okeana : Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov.  pp. 113-2. 1990

Boden, B.P. Natural Conservation of Insular Plankton. Nature 169: 697-699. 1952

Boehlert, G.W. and M.P. Seki. Enhanced Micronekton Abundance Over Mid-Pacific Seamounts [Abstract]. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 65: 928. 1984

Boehlert, G.W. Kaizan Shigen: Kaisetsu to Chosa No Hoko [Seamount Resources: Hypotheses and Future Research Directions] [Abstract]. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Oceanography 47/48: 184. 1985

Boehlert, G.W. Effects of Southeast Hancock Seamount on the Pelagic Ecosystem
32. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 66(51): 1336. 1985

Boehlert, G.W. Current-Topography Interactions and the Biological Productivity of Seamounts. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 67: 984-985. 1986

Boehlert, G.W. Productivity and Population Maintenance of Seamount Resources and Future Research Directions. NOAA Technical Report NMFS(43): 95-102. 1986

Boehlert, G.W. and T. Sasaki. Spawning and Dispersal of Armorhead in the Northeast Pacific and Recruitment to Isolated Seamounts [Abstract]. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 68: 1751. 1987

Boehlert, G.W. A Review of the Effects of Seamounts on Biological Processes. Geophysical Monographs of the American Geophysical Union 43: 319-334. 1987

Boehlert, G.W. and T. Sasaki. Pelagic Biogeography of the Armorhead, Pseudopentaceros Wheeleri, and Recruitment to Isolated Seamounts in the North Pacific Ocean. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin 86(3): 453-466. 1988
     Abstract:  The pelagic armorhead, Pseudopentaceros wheeleri, occurs widely in the North Pacific Ocean. Benthic specimens have been taken from Japan, the Hawaiian Archipelago, and the west coast of North America, but the main reproductive populations are located on southern Emperor-northern Hawaiian Ridge seamounts between lat. 29.degree. and 35.degree. N. The period between spawning and recruitment to the seamounts is apparently between 1.5 and 2.5 years, suggesting an extended pelagic existence. We describe the distributional patterns in the North Pacific based upon over 30 years of published and unpublished records. The majority of pelagic specimens are captured in the subarctic water mass in the northeast Pacific. Based upon the distributional patterns and the oceanography of the North Pacific, we propose migratory paths for both the main population and for the individuals that occur rarely in other locations. The long pelagic period and variability in ocean conditions may play an important role in recruitment to seamounts and the variability in year-class strength for this species

Boehlert, G.W. Current-Topography Interactions at Mid-Ocean Seamounts and the Impact on Pelagic Ecosystems. Geojournal 16(1): 45-52. 1988

Boehlert, G.W. Seamount Acoustic Scattering: Nocturnal Emissions or Organismal Activities. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 69(49): 1619-1628. 1988

Boehlert, G.W. and B.C. Mundy. Distribution of Ichthyoplankton Around Southeast Hancock Seamount, Central North Pacific, in Summer 1984 and Winter 1985:  Data Report.  NOAA Technical Memorandum, Rep. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-176, p. -109. 1992

Boehlert, G.W. and B.C. Mundy. Ichthyoplankton Assemblages at Seamounts and Oceanic Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science 53(2): 336-361. 1993
     Abstract:  Seamounts and oceanic islands support demersal or neritic fish populations and are localized sources of eggs and larvae added to a background of oceanic ichthyoplankton. Associated larval fish assemblages, however, have been identified in few studies, and most have been based on subjective classifications of species by reproductive characteristics. At seamounts, little evidence exists that ichthyoplankton assemblages differ from the background field despite physical mechanisms proposed to maintain planktonic forms. Larvae of bottom-associated species are notably rare in samples taken in these regions. In contrast, characteristic ichthyoplankton assemblages have been described at oceanic islands. Unique assemblages may exist in embayments and lagoons, but they are not well described. Nearshore assemblages (0 to 0.5 km offshore) are dominated by larvae of small species with demersal eggs; neritic assemblages (0.5 to 5 km offshore) include inshore species with demersal and planktonic eggs mixed with larvae of certain species that are usually oceanic as adults. Although larvae of some inshore species with pelagic eggs are found offshore in oceanic assemblages (beyond 3 to 5 km), assemblages there are poorly described. Spatial and seasonal spawning behavior of adults plays the key role in formation of ichthyoplankton assemblages. Mechanisms that may maintain ichthyoplankton assemblages at islands include boundary layers, small scale frontal dynamics, tidal currents, topographically produced eddies, seasonally reduced or variable currents, and regions of no or returning flow. Behavior of larvae, particularly that affecting vertical distribution, can modify the influences of these mechanisms. The integrity of assemblages can be disrupted by both biotic and abiotic factors

Boehlert, G.W. Productivity and Population Maintenance of Seamounts Resources and Future Research Directions. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 43: 95-101. 2001

Boehlert, G.W., C.D. Wilson, and K. Mizuno. Populations of the Sternoptychid Fish Maurolicus Muelleri on Seamounts in the Central North Pacific. Pacific Science 48(1): 57-69. 1994
     Abstract:  The lightfish, Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin), is a cosmopolitan sternoptychid fish most abundant near continental shelf-slope breaks and rare in the open ocean. Recent studies have documented dense populations on seamounts of the South Atlantic and North Pacific. At Southeast Hancock Seamount, a small guyot in the central North Pacific, M. muelleri populations are mainly composed of juveniles. Seasonal length frequencies suggest that recruitment at sizes greater than 20 mm standard length (SL) occurs principally in spring and summer months, with growth over summer and fall coincident with decreasing abundances. Mature fish in reproductive condition occur in winter months but do not survive to the following spring; they also may be too few at this small seamount to support annual recruitment. Potential sources of additional recruitment include populations at several larger seamounts in the southern Emperor group and also the large populations around Japan. Advection of eggs and larvae in the Kuroshio Extension may provide recruits for dependent populations at the seamounts. Mean current flow and satellite-tracked drifters suggest a transit time of 100-200 days from the coast of Japan to the region of the seamounts; estimates of age at length suggest that smaller fish have similar ages at recruitment. Gill-raker counts, however, differ between Japanese and seamount populations. We suggest that the southern Emperor Seamount populations serve as the source for replenished annual recruitment to the small population at Southeast Hancock Seamount

Boldyrev, V.Z., V.B. Darnitskij, and M.Y. Kulikov. Biological Production Generated in the Areas of Ocean Floor Elevations [Formirovanie Biologicheskoj Produktivonsti v Rajonakh Podnyatij Okeanicheskogo Lozha.], Biol.Resursy Gidrosf.I Ikh Ispol'Z, Biological Resources of High Seas. [Biologicheskie Resursy Otkrytogo Okeana]pp. 31-64. 1987
     Abstract: Production processes in the upwelling zones located above oceanic rises and seamounts are considered. Various factors affecting bioproduction in such zones are described to include high nutrient inflow which is caused mainly by circulation of water. Physical and seasonal aspects of water dynamics are reviewed in detail using numerous scientific sources. Ocean is regarded to be a system of eddies. Closed eddy zones are characterized by specific levels of nutrient accumulating capacity and serve as fish concentration areas. Role of consumption rate of phytoplankton by zooplankton, versus shortage of nutrients, in production processes is evaluated

Boldyrev, V.Z. and V.B. Darnitskij. Environmental conditions and distribution of fish in the area of the Lord Howe Ridge. [Usloviya obitaniya i osobennosti raspredeleniya ryb v rajone podvodnogo khrebta Lord-Khau.].  in: Biological Resources of the Thalassobathyal World Ocean. [Biologicheskie Resursy Talassobatial'Noj Zony Mirovogo Okeana.], A.S.Grechina [ed.], Sb.Nauchn.Tr., Vniro, pp. 231-245. 1991
     Abstract: The ichthyofauna of the Lord Howe Ridge seamounts is represented by species of tropical and subtropical complexes. The distribution of fish and the variability of the species composition on different banks and guyots is determined by association of different species with particular water masses differing in abiotic and feeding conditions and separated horizontally by frontal zones and vertically by high gradient hydrological divides. The fish of the tropical complex associated with the surface water mass over the Lord Howe Ridge are confined to the surface thermocline (50-150 m) and those belonging to the subtropical complex are associated with the subtropical water mass and are distributed down to the main pycnocline (400-450 m) which separates this water mass from the cold intermediate layer. The vertical distribution of the fish is also associated with the differentiation of water layers rich or poor in plankton. Higher plankton and fish biomass is usually observed in intermediate layers

Boldyrev, V.Z. and V.B. Darnitskij. Distribution of fish over seamounts in the Eltanin Fracture Zone. [Osobennosti raspredeleniya ryb na podvodnykh gorakh zony razlomov Ehltanin.].  in: Biological Resources of the Thalassobathyal World Ocean. [Biologicheskie Resursy Talassobatial'Noj Zony Mirovogo Okeana.], A.S.Grechina [ed.], Sb.Nauchn.Tr., Vniro, pp. 258-275. 1991
     Abstract: The structure and quantitative characteristics of plankton communities and, consequently, the behavior and distribution of fish in seamount areas are determined by the location of frontal zones. The highest ichthyomass is usually observed over seamounts whose summits extend up into more hydrodynamically active and highly productive surface waters. Substantial fish concentrations are also formed over seamounts located in the zones of stable oceanological fronts and in the mixing zones of water masses with different structures

Booda, L.L. An Oceanographic Laboratory on a Seamount. Sea technology 24(6): 10-11+. 1983
     Abstract:  There is a treasure trove of oceanographic information available at Ferry Reach, Bermuda. As a consequence, the Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc. (BBS), a modest sized laboratory, acts as a magnet for researchers at all levels from 36 different countries. What is believed to be the longest running series of deep sea observations in the world has been that of the BBS Hydrostation S at 32 degree 10' N. Lat. and 64 degree 30' W. Long., 15 miles southeast of Bermuda. Since 1954 it has been the site of standardized measurements of water temperature, dissolved oxygen and salinity to depths of about 3,220 meters. Hydrostation S has been providing oceanographers with a database for their measurement standards

Bordes, F., F. Uiblein, R. Castillo, A. Barrera, J.J. Castro, J. Coca, J. Gomez, K. Hansen, V. Hernandez, N. Merret, M. Miya, T. Moreno, F. Perez, A. Ramos, T. Sutton, and M. Yamaguchi. Epi- and Mesopelagic Fishes, Acoustic Data, and SST Images Collected Off Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, During Cruise 'La Bocaina 04-97'. Ciencias marinas(5): 1-45. 1999
     Abstract:  During cruise 'La Bocaina 0497' a series of 14 tows with a commercial pelagic trawl at depths between 20 and 700 m and an acoustic survey with a SIMRAD EK-500 echosounder were carried out in neritic and adjacent oceanic waters off Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, and Gran Canaria, Canary Islands. In addition, SST images were obtained to get some information on the prevailing hydrological conditions in the study area. Of the 14 trawl tows, 10 were successful and resulted in capture of a total of 2166 fishes belonging to 81 species, 53 genera and 28 families. Ten species proved to be new records for the area of the Canary Islands. The acoustic survey covered a total of 2404 nm super(2) and allowed to obtain estimates of the abundance and biomass of fishes. Both the fishing results and the acoustic study revealed considerable spatial variability in biomass of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus, an epipelagic species of particular commercial fishery interest, showing clear variations in the numerical dominance of certain age- or size classes among different collecting localities. Furthermore, some juveniles in the first year of life occurred in the oceanic epipelagic during night-time together with vertically migrating mesopelagic fishes. Preliminary analyses of the stomach and intestinal content suggest that these juveniles fed close to the bottom during the day before and hence may undertake diurnal horizontal migrations between the shelf and adjacent oceanic waters. It is concluded that the great spatial flexibility of this species requires further monitoring surveys at regular intervals as a basis for establishing a sustainable fisheries management. The acoustic data together with the trawling results demonstrate the existence of a dense deep scattering layer at depths between 400 and 700 m which is composed of mesopelagic fishes and invertebrates. Clear indications of diurnal vertical migrations were found in several species with formation of a shallow scattering layer in less than 150 m depth during night. Together with typical mesopelagic species, such as stomiids and myctophids, juveniles of three benthopelagic species, which typically undergo a pelagic stage during early life, were also collected. Several individuals of mesopelagic species were collected above the shelf what may reflect the ecological boundary situation at ocean rims typical for oceanic islands and seamounts. Some mesopelagic species collected in this study may be closely associated with distinct hydrological conditions such as the myctophid Ceratoscopelus maderensis which was discovered in the SE of Fuerteventura in an area of possible local upwelling. This finding points to the existence of micro-zoogeographic zones within the Canary Islands which deserve further investigation using a small-scaled comparative approach

Borets, L.A. Some Results of Studies on the Biology of the Boarfish (Pentaceros Richardoni Smith). Investigation of Biol.of Fishes and Fishery Oceanography (TNIRO) 6: 82-90. 1975

Borets, L.A. Dynamics of Size and Age Structure of Boarfish Catches. Izvestiya Tniro 8: 65-69. 1977

Borets, L.A., A.S. Sokolovskij, and S.M. Konovalov. The species composition of ichthyoplankton from the Hawaiian Ridge and the Emperor Seamount. [Vidovoj sostav ikhtioplanktona Gavajskogo podvodnogo khrebta i Imperatorskikh gor.].  in: Promyslovaya Okeanografiya, Gidrobiologiya, Biologiya Ryb i Drugikh Obitatelej Tikhogo Okeana [Fishery Oceanography,Hydrobiology, Biology of Fish and Other Organisms of the Pacific Ocean., TINRO, Vladivostok (USSR)., pp. 43-50. 1978
     Abstract: A list of ichthyoplankton species taken between 27-37°N and 170°E-178°W is presented which includes 172 fish species belonging to 56 families. The stage of development of each species is determined and the range of adults is given. The data obtained contribute to the knowledge of the geographical distribution of many species

Borets, L.A. The Population Structure of the Boarfish Pentaceros Richardsoni (Smith) From the Emperor Seamounts and the Hawaiian Ridge. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 19(3): 402-407. 1979
     Abstract:  Data are given on the morphometry, growth, condition factor and other biological indicators of the boarfish, Pentaceros richardsoni , from various seamounts in the vicinity of the Emperor seamounts and the Hawaiian Ridge. | English AB: Abstract

Borets, L.A. The Distribution and Structure of the Range of the Boarfish (Pentaceros Richardsoni). Journal of Ichthyology 20: 141-143. 1980

Borets, L.A. The Fish Anthias Rubromaculatus Sp. N., a New Species of Serranoid Fishes From the Seamounts of the Hawaiian Ridge. Biologiia Moria 1982(3): 68-70. 1982

Borets, L.A. Anthias Rubromaculatus Sp.n., a New Serranid From the Hawaiian Ridge Seamount. [Anthias Rubromaculatus Sp.n. - Novyj Vid Serranovykh Ryb s Podvodnykh Gor Gavajskogo Khrebta.]. Biologiia Moria(3): 68-70. 1982
     Abstract:  A. rubromaculatus sp.n. (Serranidae, Anthiinae) is described from a 151-mm male caught at a depth of 350-360 m at 32 degree 01'N, 173 degree 08'E and compared with other Pacific species of the genus

Borets, L.A. and V.B. Darnitskij. Influence of Hydrodynamic Processes on the Fish Productivity of the Thalassobathyal; the Example of the Hawaiian Submarine Ridge. Izvestiya of the Pac.Ocean Sci.Res.Inst.Fish.Oceanogr.(TNIRO) 107: 47-55. 1983

Borets, L.A. A New Species of Flounder, Microstomus Shuntovi Sp. N. (Pleuronectidae), and Two Rare Flounder Species (Bothidae) From Seamounts of the Northwestern and Hawaiian Ridges. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 23(5): 1-6. 1984
     Abstract:  A new species of rock lobster, Jasus caveorum, is described from commercial catches taken on a non-emergent seamount in the eastern South Pacific Ocean. The species best fits the "frontalis subgroup" of the "lalandii group" of Jasus lobsters. J. caveorum is most similar to J. frontalis from the eastern South Pacific, but differs clearly from that species in having very little abdominal "squamous" sculpturing

Borets, L.A. Ichthyofauna of the Northwestern and Hawaiian Ridges. [Ikhtiofauna Severo-Zapadnogo i Gavajskogo Podvodnykh Khrebtov.]. Voprosy ikhtiologii/Journal of Ichthyology 26(2): 208-220. 1986
     Abstract:  A total of 96 bottom and demersal species belonging to 50 families were recorded above the seamounts. Range, species composition and depths of occurrence of each species are tabulated. Thalassosublittoral, thalassomesobenthal, thalassobathybenthal, thalassoepipelagic, thalassomesopelagic, and thalassobathypelagic ichthyocoenoses are distinguished. Zoogeographical zonation of seamounst is made

Boschi, E.E. Species of Decapod Crustaceans and Their Distribution in the Marine Zoogeographic Provinces. Revista de investigación y desarrollo pesquero 13: 0-136. 2000
     Abstract:  Fourteen marine zoogeographic provinces and two subprovinces were established for the Americas. The number of species of marine decapod crustaceans recorded in the supralittoral, intertidal, eulittoral and sublittoral (continental shelf to 200-300 m) including both, continental coasts from the Arctic Polar region in the north to Cabo de Hornos in the south is estimated at 2, 472 species. The results of this study on the biodiversity and distribution of decapod species call attention to a common characteristic of typical epifaunal groups of organisms with a large range of latitudinal geographic distribution: a high number of species in tropical regions on both coasts and a pronounced decrease of taxa towards the polar regions that generates a clear clinal distribution. The Caribbean Province showed the largest diversity which, with a total of 1, 058 species was higher than that of the tropical Panamic Province where 825 species were registered. With regards to the species richness in the nine major groups of Decapods, the largest number was found in the Brachyura covering 1, 090 estimated species followed by the Caridea with 536 species, the Anomura with 509 species, the Thalassinidea with 157 and the Penaeoidea with 96. The remaining four decapod taxa are represented only by a small number of species.

Boschma, H. List of the Described Species of the Order Stylasteridae. Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden) 33: 71. 1992

Bouchet, P. Campagnes Oceanographiques En Nouvelle-Caledonie. Rossiniana 31: 38. 1986

Bouchet, P. and A. Waren. Taxonomical Notes on Tropical Deep Water Buccinidae With Description of New Taxa.  Resultats des campagnes Musorstom I et II, Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Serie A Zoologie, Rep. 133, pp. 457-499. 1986

Bouchet, P. L'Exploration De La Faune Profonde De Nouvelle-Caledonie Ou a La Decouverte Des Monde Perdus, Lettres d'Information Greco ECOPROPHYCE, vol. 4pp. 84-87. 1987

Bourseau, J.P., N. Ameziane-Cominardi, and M. Roux. Un Crinoide Pedoncule Nouveau (Echinodermes) Representant Actuel De La Famille Jurassique Des Hemicrinidae: Gymnocrinus Richeri Nov. Sp. Des Fonds Bathyaux De Nouvelle-Caledonie. C.r.hebd.Seanc.Acad.Sci 305(49): 595-599. 1987

Bowers, M.J. Annual Reproductive Cycle of Oocytes and Embryos of Yellowtail Rockfish Sebastes Flavidus (Family Scorpaenidae). U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin 90(2): 231-242. 1992
     Abstract:  Female yellowtail rockfish Sebastes flavidus, a viviparous species employing intralumenal gestation following fertilization of ovulated eggs, were caught from Cordell Bank (seamount 20 miles west of Pt. Reyes, central California) on a monthly basis from May 1985 through April 1986 to determine their annual reproductive cycle. Since histological methods provide precise and detailed information, this method was employed to (1) examine oocytes and embryos to describe developmental stages, and (2) provide temporal assessment of the annual reproductive cycle. The description and staging scheme developed provide a basis to compare reproductive developmental patterns between cycles and populations. Oogonia (stage I) and early perinucleolus (Stage II) oocytes were present in samples from all months. Progressive growth of oocytes from early- to late perinucleolus (Stage III) was evident in spent and recovering ovaries, indicating the end of a reproductive year and the beginning of a new reproductive cycle. Initial yolk accumulation (Stage IV) occurred in July, and final yolk accumulation (Stage V) was predominant from September through January. In February, the majority of samples displayed fertilized ova in early-celled stages of embryonic development. Gestation continued for about 30 days with parturition occurring between January and March. Mature oocytes were also collected in March, suggesting the Cordell Bank yellowtail population has a prolonged reproductive season extending into April

Bradbury, M.G. Rare Fishes of the Deep-Sea Genus Halieutopsis: a Review With Descriptions of Four New Species (Lophiiformes: Ogcocephalidae). Fieldiana 44: 1-22. 1988

Brainard, R.E. Fishery Aspects of Seamounts and Taylor Columns, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Californiap. -85. 1986

Bridges, N.T. Characteristics of Seamounts Near Hawaii As Viewed by GLORIA [Microform].  p. 1. 1997

Briggs, J.C. The East Pacific Barrier and the Distribution of Marine Shore Fishes. Evolution 15: 545-554. 1961

Britaev, T.A. Two New Species of Commensal Polynoids (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) and Bibliography on Polychaetes, Symbionts of Coelenterata. [Dva Novykh Vida Kommensal'Nykh Polinoid (Polycharta, Polynoidae) i Bibliografiya Po Polikhetam - Simbiontam Coelenterata.]. Zoologicheskij zhurnal (Moscow) 60(6): 817-824. 1981
     Abstract:  Two new species of commensal polynoids (Polychaeta, Polynoidae) and bibliography on polychaetes, symbionts of Coelenterata. Two new species of polynoids from the Central Pacific (Vityaz and Guyot Seamounts) are described. Polynoe uschakovi sp.n. is associated with Callogorgia sp. and Allopora sp. It occurs under the sclerites of the polyps of the former and in tubular "galls", monstrous hollow expansions of the coral walls of the latter. Harmathoe melanicornis sp.n. is associated with another species of the genus Allopora and occurs in the tubular "galls", similar to those described for P. uschakovi . In both cases the formation of galls is likely to be induced by commensals. A bibliography on polychaetes is provided

Brousse, R. The Age of the Islands in the Pacific Icean: Volcanism and Coral-Reef Build Up.  Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti, vol. 6, pp. 389-400. 1985

Bryantsev, V.A.I. Information Entropy of a Three-Dimensional Density Field As an Indicator of Physical Factors Governing Marine Ecosystem Biological Productivity. [Ehntropiya Informatsii Trekhmernogo Polya Plotnosti...]. Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov (Vniro): 71-81. 1983
     Abstract:  A method is suggested for estimating information entropy of the three-dimensional density field based on temperature and salinity data obtained by a mesoscale survey of a given area. The entropy of information is believed to be a reliable indicator of high bioproductivity as it is directly related to a simple physical criterion reflecting intensive vertical exchange of water above seamounts with account taken of the isopycnic surface topography

Buckeridge, J.S. A New Coral Inhabiting Barnacle of the Genus Chionelasmus (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) From New Caledonia, Southwest Pacific. Zoosystema 20(2): 167-176. 1998
     Abstract:  This paper describes Chionelasmus crosnieri n.sp. from a guyot on the northern part of Norfolk Ridge, to the south of New Caledonia. This new species, within the previously monospecific genus Chionelasmus, inhabits a living octocoral, Muricides sp.indet. Comments on the distribution and habitat of the new species are provided, including a proposal for the method by which the cyprid larva of C. crosnieri gained access to the axial skeleton of the octocoral

Buckeridge, J.S. A New Deep Sea Barnacle, Tetrachaelasma Tasmanicum Sp. Nov. (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha) From the South Tasman Rise, South Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 33(4): 521-531. 9999
     Abstract:  A new deep sea balanomorph, Tetrachaelasma tasmanicum sp. nov., is described. This new record is based on numerous disarticulated plates, from dredge samples around deep-sea seamounts on the South Tasman Rise. This is the deepest known occurrence of the Balanomorpha, and the first record of Tetrachaelasma from the Pacific realm. An overview of the biogeography, including aspects of the palaeontology of deep sea balanomorphs is provided. A map showing station localities and a list of deep sea cirripedes recovered from the South and East Tasman Rise during the 1995 Rig Seismic cruise, are included

Bucklin, A., R.R.J. Wilson, and K.L.J. Smith. Genetic Differentiation of Seamount and Basin Populations of the Deep-Sea Amphipod Eurythenes-Gryllus. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers 34(11): 1795-1810. 1987
     Abstract:  The nearly ubiquitous deep-sea amphipod, Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein), occurs throughout the central North Pacific basin, and has recently been collected from the crests of three bathyal seamounts. Questions of the dispersal capabilities of the species are interesting in the light of this broad geographic and ecological distribution. We use population genetic techniques to describe the genetic structure and estimate migration rates of E. gryllus from allozymic frequencies in basin and seamount samples. Four basin samples were collected along a 4000 km transect from off the coast of California into the central North Pacific basin; two additional samples were collected at the base and on the crest of Horizon Guyot, a bathyal seamount 1300 km west off Hawaii. Allozymic variability at 15 enzyme loci was assayed by starch-gel electrophoresis, and allozymic frequency differences were evaluated statistically. Except for two comparisons (both involving the station with smallest sample size), the basin transect samples were not significantly genetically heterogeneous (mean F sub(ST) = 0.052 plus or minus 0.18 and mean Nm = 5.0 plus or minus 1.6), suggesting that individuals have excellent dispersal capabilities and/or that selection pressures do not differ over these large distances in the deep sea. In contrast, the sample from the crest of Horizon Guyot was genetically distinct from all basin transect samples (mean F sub(ST) = 0.120 plus or minus 0.03, P < 0.001 for all, and mean Nm = 2.0 plus or minus 0.6), and from the sample at the base of the seamount (F sub(ST) = 0.162, P < 0.001, and Nm = 1.3). The genetic differentiation of the crest populations of E. gryllus may be explained by either of two hypotheses: (1) strong differential selection acting on the crest population, causing it to diverge in genetic character from basin populations, and (2) rarity of dispersal and interbreeding between the crest and basin populations. If the latter is true (as seems more probable based on biological information and genetic evidence), dispersal of E. gryllus is predominantly horizontal, and there may be a seamount form of the species that is genetically, and perhaps taxonomically, distinct from the basin form. (DBO)

Budinger, T.F. Cobb Seamount. Deep-Sea Research 14: 191-201. 1967

Budinger, T.F. and B.J. Enbysk. Cobb Seamount, a Deep-Sea Feature Off the Washington Coast; Topography, Geology, Biology and Hydrography.  Rep. Reference 59-6, Contract Nonr-477(10) and Nonr-477(01), Office of Naval Research, p. xi-88. 1960

Buening, N., S.J. Carlson, H.J. Spero, and D.E. Lee. Evidence for the Early Oligocene Formation of a Proto-Subtropical Convergence From Oxygen Isotope Records of New Zealand Paleogene Brachiopods. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 138(1-4): 43-68. 1998
     Abstract:  Using the oxygen isotope record in fossil brachiopods, we reconstruct Late Eocene through Early Miocene paleotemperatures of an eastern New Zealand shelf environment. Our results show a decline in temperature to a low of approximates 6degreeC in the Early Oligocene, of a magnitude similar to that of open-ocean isotopic studies from similar latitudes. However, the brachiopod-derived paleotemperatures are approximates 10degreeC lower than those inferred from occurrences of warm-water fauna and flora (e.g., large foraminifera, mangrove and coconut palms), which suggest a subtropical (20-23degreeC) climate throughout most of the New Zealand Oligocene. We propose that a proto-Subtropical Convergence (pSTC), with cool subantarctic water flowing along the eastern coast of the South Island, first developed in the Early Oligocene. The subtropical fauna and flora distribution patterns are consistent with this hypothesis. Warm-water biota (e.g., larger foraminifera, and mangrove trees) occur primarily on the west and north coasts of New Zealand in warm subtropical water characteristic of water north of the pSTC, similar to the modern Subtropical Convergence. We explain the occurrence of occasional subtropical taxa in Early Oligocene strata of the east coast of the South Island as a result of the north-south migration of the pSTC or the colonization of relict Surtseyan-type seamounts in local waters warmed by volcanic eruptions

Burukovskij, R.N. Two New Shrimps From the Genus Pasiphaea and New Records of Some Other Shrimps. [Dva Novykh Vida Krevetok Iz Roda Pasiphaea i Novye Nakhodki Nekotorykh Drugikh Krevetok.]. Zoologicheskij zhurnal (Moscow) 74(12): 121-126. 1995
     Abstract:  Pasiphaea korzuni, sp. n. from the Aden Gulf and Pasiphaea romenskyi sp. n. from the Ecuador Seamount are described and figured. New records of P. kaiwiensis from the western Arabian Sea, Eugonatonotus chacei from the East China Sea, and Plesionika williamsi from a Vavilov Ridge seamount are reported

Burukovskiy, R.N. Shrimps From the Sala y Gomez and Nasca Ridges. Trudy Instituta okeanologii Akademia NAUK (SSSR) 124: 187-214. 1990

Burukovskiy, R.N. Shrimp at Walters Bank (Indian Ocean)
1100. Okeanologiya/Oceanology (Moscow) 32(3): 328-331. 1992
     Abstract:  In the region of Walters Bank (33 degree S, 44 degree E) and its environs the shrimp fauna (29 species) consists of three main elements: "background" shrimp that inhibit the continental slopes of all continents (with exception of the eastern Pacific region for some species), local slope fauna, and southern subtropical notal shrimp. It is located where waters of different origins converge and shows signs of some isolation from the eastern African shrimp fauna

Burukovskiy, R.N. New Species of Shrimp From the Genus Plesionika (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) From Pacific Ocean Seamounts. Hydrobiological Journal 29(3): 1-3. 1992
     Abstract:  Crosnier (1986) identified a shrimp as Plesionika aff. williamsi Forest, 1964 from two specimens captured off Tahiti. The absence of a rostrum and pereopod did not allow him to confidently identify these specimens. I also obtained a damaged specimen of this species from the Sala y Gomez Ridge (25 degree 38' S, 86 degree 43' W, depth 400 m, shrimp trap) (Burukovskiy, 1990). Recently, I obtained five specimens of this species in various degrees of preservation which are the basis for this description of a new species. The material is deposited in the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University (holotype inventory No. Ma-4089, paratypes No. Ma-4090, Ma-4091)

Cairns, S.D. A New Family of Operculate Stylasterines (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa) From the Subantarctic. Journal of Natural History 16: 71-82. 1982

Cairns, S.D. Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34: 1-74. 1982

Cairns, S.D. Worldwide Distribution of the Stylasteridae Cnidaria Hydrozoa. Scientia Marina 56(2-3): 125-130. 1992
     Abstract:  Stylasterids show a pronounced insular distribution pattern, being found primarily off small (less than 36,000 km2) oceanic islands, atolls, and archipelagos, and on seamounts and submarine ridges. Although lowered salinity and increased sedimentation may exclude stylasterids from the coasts of larger continental land masses, it is more likely that the availability of hard substrate and the low nutrient levels associated with steep-sided oceanic islands favor the establishment of stylasterids. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia, another calcified cnidarian taxon, have a broader distribution than stylasterids because they are assumed to be better competitors: having a greater dispersal ability, better sediment-shedding ability, and the ability of some to live on soft substrates

Calder, D.R. Local Distribution and Biogeography of Hydroid Assemblages Along a Latitudinal Gradient in the Western North Atlantic
17. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70: 1078-1085. 1992

Calder, D.R. and W. Vervoot. Some Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) From the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the North Atlantic Ocean. Zoologische Verhandelingen (Leiden) 319: 1-65. 1998

Calder, D.R. Assemblages of Hydroids (Cnidaria) From Three Seamounts Near Bermuda in the Western North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 47: 1125-1139. 2000
     Abstract:  Three seamounts flanking the oceanic island of Bermuda were sampled for hydroids. Collecting was undertaken by submersible (SDL-1) and by dredge at depths between 48 and 107 m on the summits of Argus and Challenger banks. A shallower collection (< 20 m) from the pilings of a tower on Argus Bank was made using SCUBA. Major bottom types on both banks were aggregations of rhodoliths, limestone reefs, and areas of calcareous sand. Hydroids were ubiquitous, but quite sparse, on firm substrata. None was collected on sandy bottoms. Of 45 species identified from the two oceanic banks, over half (25) were found on both. On Bowditch Seamount, samples were obtained at depths between 1285 and 1381 m by dredge and grab. Of four species found, only one (Filellum serratum) occurred in shallower collections from Argus and Challenger banks. Most species (43 of 48) from the three seamounts have been reported elsewhere in the Western Atlantic Tropical region, and many (38 of 48) are known from Bermuda. No endemics were discovered, and no relicts or exotics were recognized. Gonophores in > 70% of the species are fixed sporosacs instead of free medusae. This conforms with a hypothesis that invertebrates of oceanic islands and seamounts tend to have short-lived pelagic larval stages, ensuring the greatest retention and conservation of propagules

Carriol, R.P. A New Pedunculate Cirripede (Thoracica, Heteralepas) From the Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Zoosystema 20(3): 505-509. 1998
     Abstract:  A new species of Heteralepas is described from waters of 300 m at Meteor Seamount, south of the Azores, in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean. This species possesses a peduncle longer than the capitulum, a carinal crest without protuberances and continuing onto the peduncle, and it lacks scuta

Carter, E.W. and B.M.I. Leaman. Exploratory Fishing of Bowie Seamount by the Automated Longliner M/V Viking Star , August 28-September 12, 1980.  Can.Data Rep.Fish.Aquat.Sci., Issue #266, p. -34. 1981
     Abstract:  Bowie Seamount was explored using a vessel equipped with the Mustad autoline system. Rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) were the target species and were the dominant species in the catch. Sebastes aleutianus comprised 41% of the retained catch, followed by sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria ) with 11% and S. ruberrimus with 10%. The primary species discarded was halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis ) (69% of discard). Total retained catch was 6819 kg while discards amounted to 2,404 kg. Catch rates at the Seamount during favourable weather were higher than at inshore localities. Two days were spent fishing in the Langara Island area, due to inclement weather at the Seamount. Biological characteristics of rockfishes at the Seamount suggest that they have undergone little, if any, exploitation. The commercial and scientific importance of rockfish stocks on the Seamount is briefly discussed

Carter, E.W. and B.M. Leaman. Exploratory Fishing of Bowie Seamount by the M/V Star Wars II, August 11-23, 1981. Can.Data Rep.Fish.Aquat.Sci. 331: 1-31. 1982

Casanova, B. Crustacea Eupausiacea: Euphausiacés Du Pacifique Sud-Ouest Tropical (Nouvelle-Calédonie, Îles Wallis Et Futuna, Indonésie) Morphologie Fonctionnelle Et Biogéographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 168: 167-169. 1996

Casanova, J.P. Chaetognaths From the Alvin Dives on the Seamount Volcano 7 (East Tropical Pacific). Journal of Plankton Research 13(3): 539-548. 1991
     Abstract:  Six species of deep chaetognaths, three planktonic and three benthoplanktonic, have been taken during seven dives of the US submersible Alvin on the Seamount Volcano 7 off Mexico, at depths between 800 and 3100 m. The most interesting observations concern two of the latter, Heterokrohnia heterodonta and Archeterokrohnia rubra. Indeed it appears that they have a large foamy collarette, glandular canals on the neck region and an original corona ciliata (posteriorly discontinuous). Although localized, these samples give new information on the geographical distribution of three species: Eukrohnia macroneura and the two mentioned above. [Other species mentioned are: Sagitta macrocephala, H. sp., and E. bathyantarctica.]

Casanova, J.P. Crustacea Mysidacea: Les Lophogastridés D'Indonésie, De Nouvele-Calédonie Et Des Îles Wallis Et Futuna. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 15: 125-128. 1996

Castello, C. Apres Cent Cinquante Millions D'Annees, Ces Creatures Inconnues Surgissent Du Fond Des Mers. Figaro-magazine 423: 103-110. 1988

Castle, P.H.J. and P. Bearez. Two New Species of Myroconger (Anguilliformes, Myrocongridae) From the Pacific Ocean. Cybium 19(3): 211-222. 1995

Cecere, E. and C. Perrone. First Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrobenthic Flora of the Amendolara Sea-Mount (Ionian Sea). Oebalia 14: 43-67. 1988
     Abstract:  A program of dredging at the Amendolara sea-mount in the High Ionian Sea has resulted in the collection and identification of 145 species of benthic marine algae, of which 94 are Rhodophyceae, 37 Phaeophyceae and 14 Chlorophyceae

Chaproniere, G.C., S. Shafik, and P.J. Coleman. Biostratigraphy of Rig Seismic Samples From Vening Meinesz Seamounts, Christmas Island Area, Northeastern Indian Ocean. AGSO Journal of Australian Geology & Geophysics 16(5): 677-699. 1997
     Abstract:  Samples from eight dredge hauls collected during BMR cruise 107 from several seamounts in the Vening Meinesz chain, south of Christmas Island, yielded calcareous nannofossils, foraminiferids, and fragmentary macrofossils with ages ranging from Late Cretaceous to Holocene. Many samples are mixtures, suggestive of debris flows, and some contain lithologies of various ages. The Late Cretaceous assemblages suggest shallow-water to upper bathyal depths. The seamounts were built up rapidly by volcanism, probably commencing during the Albian or Santonian, continuing through the Campanian, by which Lime they had shoaled, and ceasing during the Maastrichtian. Atolls comprising mounds of shelly algal biostromes dominated by rudists and Inoceramus had formed by the Maastrichtian. The sea was warm at this time, when the area was at latitudes far south of those of today. The Palaeogene assemblages suggest increasingly deeper depositional environments. The Paleocene is indirectly indicated by the presence of nannofloras of this age reworked into younger assemblages, but Eocene calcareous microfossils are well represented. Shallow-water assemblages (including large neritic benthic foraminiferids) are widespread in the late Early to early Middle Eocene samples, suggesting subtropical or tropical water temperatures. The fresh volcanic content in some samples hints at the possibility of renewed volcanism during the Eocene. The Oligocene is marked by pelagites containing nannofossils. Most of the Neogene assemblages are Late Miocene or younger, although some Middle Miocene nannofloras were recovered. Depositional depths appear to have been bathyal during this time, an accompaniment to seamount sinking and crustal and subcrustal cooling. Volcanism had ceased. Debris flows, however, continued to transport shallow-water sediments downslope. Holocene and present-day oozes mantle all previous deposits

Charmasson, S.S. and D.P. Calmet. Distribution of Scavenging Lysianassidae Amphipods Eurythenes Gryllus in the Northeast Atlantic: Comparison With Studies Held in the Pacific. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers 34(9): 1509-1523. 1987
     Abstract:  Deep-sea scavenging amphipods, Eurythenes gryllus, were caught in the northeast Atlantic Ocean with baited traps attached on free-vehicle lines at different levels above the seafloor, in September 1983 and May 1984. Maximum catch rates occurred at altitudes less than or equal to 20 m and decreased rapidly above. An increase in size with increasing height of capture above the seafloor appeared for both females and males, females having a greater mean size than males. Small individuals were found generally at lower levels while larger specimens were caught at any level. In September, E. gryllus appeared larger on the NEA site (4800 m) compared to the Armorican Seamount location (3800 m). The mean size of E. gryllus and the proportion of females were higher in September compared to May, indicating that we may have sampled a younger population in May. The study of color distribution versus amphipod size ranges revealed that E. gryllus become colored when maturing. Although the proportion of pigmented amphipods increased with increasing height of catch, this variation was not statistically significant. Spatial and temporal variations in color may result from changes in the availability of certain foods. Comparisons with Pacific studies are made. (DBO)

Chave, E.H. and B.C. Mundy. Deep-Sea Benthic Fish of the Hawaiian Archipelago, Cross Seamount, and Johnston Atoll. Pacific Science 48(4): 367-409. 1994
     Abstract:  More than 250 benthic fish taxa were photographed and videotaped by Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory submersibles at depths between 40 and 2000 m in the Hawaiian Archipelago, Johnston Atoll, and Cross Seamount. Most of the 213 identified fish species occurred close to hard substrates with holes, ledges, or caves. Twenty-two species (notably the larger sharks, lutjanids, and carangids) are cosmopolitan. Seventy-six species are restricted to various Indo-Pacific areas, 64 in the Pacific, and 51 in the Hawaiian Archipelago including Cross Seamount and Johnston Atoll. There is a rapid decrease in the number of species from 200 to 400 m depth. One hundred eight species were seen 20 m deeper than previously reported. Eleven of the deeper-dwelling animals were found 20 m shallower than previously recorded. Faunal zones were not recognized at any depth. Species newly recorded in Hawai'i include Bathypterois grallator (Goode & Bean), Bodianus cylindriatus (Tanaka), Centrophorus cf. granulosus (Bloch & Schneider), Chaunax fimbriatus Hilgendorf, Caelorinchus spilonotus Sazonov & Iwamoto, Notocanthus sp., Paratrachichthys prosthemius Jordan & Fowler, Prognathodes guezei (Mauge & Bauchot), and Sladenia remiger Smith & Radcliffe. New species collected and reported elsewhere are Centrodraco rubellus Fricke et al., Epigonus glossodontus Gon, Owstonia sp., and Pseudanthias fucinus (Randall & Ralston). Caelorinchus sp. 2 and Callanthias sp. are probably undescribed. It appears that the Hawaiian deep-sea fish fauna has multiple origins and affinities with many regions

Chen, C., R.C. Beardsley, and R. Limeburner. The Structure of the Kuroshio Southwest of Kyushu: Velocity, Transport and Potential Vorticity Fields. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers 39(2): 245-268. 1992
     Abstract:  A triangular CTD/ADCP survey was made across the Kuroshio southwest of Kyushu [Japan] aboard the R.V. Thompson during January 1986. Due to relatively poor navigation data, a simple averaging technique has been used to convert the ADCP data taken between CTD station pairs into an average absolute velocity normal to the station pair, with a maximum error varying from about .plus-minus. 5 cm s-1 to less than .plus-minus.0.1 cm s-1 depending on the type of nagivation data. The average ADCP velocity at 60 m (or 10 m over the shelf) was then used as the reference velocity to calculate the absolute geostrophic velocity through the sides of the study triangle. The results show that the ADCP velocity shear was in reasonably good agreement with the geostrophic shear of the Kuroshio. The Kuroshio entered the study triangle as a coherent current and then split around a tall seamount into two branches as it left the area. The volume transport of the Kuroshio southwest of Kyushu in January 1986 was 30.3 .plus-minus. 2.0 Sv, and the advective temperature transport was 27.6 .plus-minus. 1.8 .times. 1014 W. These values are similar to those reported for the Gulf Stream in the Florida Strait, and a roughly linear correlation exists between temperature and volume transports in both regions. Mass conservation within the study triangle allowed construction of a stream function that showed the presence of cyclonic and anti-cyclonic mesoscale eddies to the north and northwest of the core of the Kuroshio. Potential vorticity estimated from the absolute geostrophic velocity field was conserved along streamlines on potential density surfaces except perhaps near a seamount where curvature vorticity must be considered, and the path of the Kuroshio could be traced by the core of maximum potential vorticity. Finally, the Kuroshio was potentially unstable as it flowed along the continental margin in the Okinawa Trough because the gradient of potential density surfaces changed sign across the Kuroshio. This helps explain the mesoscale frontal and eddy features observed in the cyclonic side of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea

Chen, C.H. Primary Studies of Demersal Fish Resources Investigations on Trawl Grounds at Kanmu Seamount. Bulletin of Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute 32: 317-338. 1980

Chikuni, S. On Gregarious Fish, Pseudopentaceros Richardsoni  (Histiophoridae) [Abstract]. Bulletin of the Far Seas Fisheries Research Laboratory 3: 1-3. 1970

Chikuni, S. Groundfish on the Seamounts in the North Pacific. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Oceanography 19: 1-14. 1971

Chistenko, V.M. Spatial Distribution of Protein in Suspended Organic Matter From the Southeast Atlantic. [Prostranstvennoe Raspredelenie Belka Vzveshennogo Organicheskogo Veshchestva v Yugo-Vostochnoj Atlantike.]. Ekologiia morya(23): 16-23. 1986
     Abstract:  Data are presented on particulate protein content in the upper 500 m layer of the Southeast Atlantic. The absolute values varied from 9.7 to 397.3 mu g/l. The maximum concentrations were observed in the Benguela Current and the subantarctic front area. Low concentrations were confined to the inner part of the subtropical convergence zone, above the steep ledge of the continental slope of West Africa and above the Vema Seamount and Discovery Tablemount. The content of protein in suspended organic matter was found to be closely related to phyto- and bacterioplankton abundance

Cho, B.C. Bacterial Biomass and Production in the Water Column Over Two Central North Pacific Seamounts. Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography 26(3): 255-261. 1991
     Abstract:  Bacterial abundance and production in the water column over two seamounts (Horizon Guyot and Magellan Rise) in the central North Pacific were studied in March 1987. Bacterial abundance (0.9-2.3 .times. 108 l-1) in surface waters during the study period were in the lower limit of the values reported for oligotrophic areas. Further, bacterial abundance in mesopelagic zone (mostly < 5 .times. 107 l-1) was much lower than that reported from other tropical areas. Bacterial production (20-466 ng C l--1 d-1) in surface waters was also low compared to other oligotrophic oceanic environments. However, comparison of bacterial production with the earlier reported values of primary production from these regions suggested a significant role of bacteria in the utilization of organic matter in the surface waters. Though data on distribution of bacterial production are limited in this study, further studies on spatial distribution of bacterial production on both small and large scales in very oligotrophic aquatic environments are suggested to be necessary

Christie, D.M., R.A. Duncan, A.R. McBirney, M.A. Richards, W.M. White, K.S. Harpp, and C.G. Fox. Drowned Islands Downstream From the Galapagos Hotspot Imply Extended Speciation Times. Nature 355(357): 246-248. 1992
     Abstract:  The volcanic islands of the Galapagos archipelago are the most recent products of a long-lived mantle hotspot. Little is known, however, of the submarine Galapagos platform on which the islands are built, or of the Cocos and Carnegie submarine ridges produced by past motion of the Cocos and Nazca plates across the hotspot. In 1990 we surveyed selected areas around the Galapagos platform and as far east as 85 degree 30'W on the Carnegie ridge, where we dredged abundant well-rounded basalt cobbles from a small seamount with a terraced summit region. Cobbles were also dredged from several other seamounts. We interpret these features, especially the presence of cobbles, as evidence for erosion near sea level and conclude that these seamounts were volcanic islands before subsiding to their present depths. Radiometric ages for these drowned islands range from 5 to 9 Myr, consistent with predicted plate motions. They indicate that the time available for speciation of Galapagos organisms is much longer than the age range of the existing islands

Clague, D.A. The Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain : Its Origin, Petrology, and Implications for Plate Tectonics, University of California, San Diegop. xviii-319. 1974

Clark, M. Fisheries for Orange Roughy (Hoplostethus Atlanticus) on Seamounts in New Zealand. Oceanologica Acta (Paris) 22(6): 593-602. 1999
     Abstract:  Major commercial fisheries for orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) occur on seamount features, which are widely distributed throughout the New Zealand region. When the fishery developed in the late 1970s to early 1980s, it occurred mainly on flat bottom, but over time has become more focused on seamounts. In the 1995-96 fishing year, it is estimated that about 70 % of the catch of orange roughy within the New Zealand EEZ was taken from seamounts. Seamounts on the Chatham Rise have been fished for over ten years. Examination of commercial catch and effort data show strong declines in catch rates over time, and a pattern of serial depletion of seamount populations, with the fishery moving progressively eastwards to unfished seamounts along the southern margins of the Rise. Catch rates on seamounts in other regions of New Zealand have also generally shown a similar pattern of rapid decline. There is growing concern over the impact of trawling on seamounts, and the effects this can have on the benthic habitat and fauna, and the long-term sustainability of associated commercial fisheries

Clark, M.R., O.F. Anderson, R.I.C.C. Francis, and D.M. Tracey. The Effects of Commercial Exploitation on Orange Roughy (Hoplostethus Atlanticus) From the Continental Slope of the Chatham Rise, New Zealand, From 1979 to 1997. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) 45(3): 217-238. 2000
     Abstract:  Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) is a recently exploited species, fished by trawling at depths of 700-1200 m on the continental slope around New Zealand. In this paper, changes in the major New Zealand orange roughy fishery on the Chatham Rise during a 19-year period are examined. Data from research trawl surveys and commercial fishing returns from 1979 to 1997 were analysed, and changes in the population described. The distribution of orange roughy showed a marked contraction, and aggregations became largely centred around seamounts or very localised areas of the slope. The biomass of orange roughy, measured by trawl survey and commercial catch-per-unit-effort indices, declined substantially, and in 1997 was estimated to be about 20% of virgin levels. Most bycatch species also declined in abundance, with no indication of species replacement. Size structure of the population did not change markedly over the period. Timing of spawning in July, and the pattern of gonad development, were also consistent over the years. There was no change in size or age at maturity. Prey composition remained similar. Biological changes may not have been apparent because orange roughy is a long-lived, slow-growing species, with low productivity. There could be a long response time of the population to fishing pressure

Clouard, V. and A. Bonneville. How Many Pacific Hotspots Are Fed by Deep-Mantle Plumes? Geology 29(8): 695-698. 2001
     Abstract:  The Pacific plate is usually considered to host 14 hotspots, but most of this volcanism does not seem to originate from deep-mantle plumes. To reach this conclusion, we tried to establish how many of the seamount alignments on the Pacific plate correspond to classic hotspots, i.e., long-lived hotspots linked to oceanic basaltic plateaus. We retraced the tracks of the 14 Pacific hotspots by using (1) the absolute stage poles representing the Pacific plate absolute motion since 145 Ma, (2) an updated compilation of radiometric ages of seamounts and oceanic plateaus totaling 266 seamounts or islands, (3) the detailed bathymetry of the Pacific Ocean, and (4) the present locations of the hotspots. This analysis allowed us to correlate only three hotspots with the beginning of their tracks possibly corresponding in space and time to an oceanic plateau: Easter to the eastern Mid-Pacific Mountains, Louisville to the Ontong Java plateau, and, with less confidence, Marquesas to Hess Rise and Shatsky Ridge. In addition, the Hawaii hotspot has produced long-lived volcanism. These four are the only classic hotspots on the Pacific plate. However, seven hotspots present short tracks (<35 m.y.) that cannot be traced to an oceanic plateau and thus are not related to any deep-mantle phenomena: Foundation, Macdonald, Pitcairn, Rarotonga, Rurutu, Samoa, and Society. The two northeast Pacific hotspots, Kodiak-Bowie and Cobb, and the Caroline hotspot are unclassifiable because of close proximity to a subduction zone where the prior history of volcanism has been lost

Codiga, D.L. Observations and Physics of Amplified Subinertial Tidal Currents in Stratification and Mean Shear Flow at a Seamount.  p. vii-213. 1996

Cohen, D.M. and J.E. McCosker. A New Species of Bythitid Fish, Genus Lucifuga, From the Galapagos Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science 63(1): 179-187. 1998
     Abstract:  A new species of bythitid, Lucifuga inopinata, is described from an adult female captured in 203 m from a seamount in the SE GalApagos Archipelago. It differs from its congeners in its high pectoral ray and vertebral numbers, as well as having a preopercular spine. Also included are a key to the genus Lucifuga, comments on its species, and a discussion of the origin of onshore bythitids

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto, and N. Scialabba. Gadiform Fishes of the World (Order Gadiformes) An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and Other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date. FAO species catalogue 10(125): 1-442. 2002

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen. Scombrids of the World.  An Annotated and Illustrated Catalog of Tunas, Mackerels, Bonitos and Related Species Known to Date(125), FAO Species Catalog, Vol. 2.  FAO Fish Synopsesp. -137. 1983

Collette, B.B. and N.V. Parin. Shallow-Water Fishes of Walters Shoals, Madagascar Ridge. Bulletin of Marine Science 48(1): 1-22. 1991
     Abstract:  Walters Shoals is an isolated seamount reaching to within 18 m of the surface, and is located about 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nm east of Souther Africa. It is part of a chain of seven islands and seamounts extending along the West Wind Drift from Gough and Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic to Amsterdam and St. Paul in the southern Indian Ocean. Fishes were collecting during VITYAZ cruise 17 in December 1988. The shallow-water fish fauna comprises about 20 species and is composed of three elements: endemics (7-8 species), wide-spread temperate or subtropical species (5-6), and tropical Indo-West Pacific reef species (6). Three species, and carangid, Trachurus longimanus, a cheilodactylid, Acantholatris monodactylus, and a labrid, Nelabrichthys ornatus, are endemic to the West Wind Drift islands. A serranid, Lepidoperca coatsii, is known from four of the island groups and may also occur at Walters Shoals. Another serranid, Serranus novemcinctus, occurs only at the four Indian Ocean islands and seamounts. The common Gymnothorax is an undescribed species, probably endemic. A specimen of scorpaenid had been described as Scorpaenodes immaculatus, also probably endemic. A second species of Gymnothorax and the species of Plagiogeneion may also be endemic species. Thus, 30-40% of the shallow water fish fauna of Walters Shoals is endemic to some part of this chain of islands and seamounts. The species of Carcharhinus, Cheilopogon, Polyprion, Seriola, and Scomber are wide-spread in temperature or subtropical waters. Plectranthias longimanus, Apogon semiornatus, Chromis weberi, C. axillaris, Pterois cf. miles, and Kentrocapros rosapinto are trophical Indo-West Pacific reef fishes. The fish fauna of Walters Shoals links Brigg's Tristan-Gough Province of his southern South America Cold Temperate Region with the Amsterdam-St. Paul Province of his Southern African Warm Temperature Region into a single zoogeographic province, which is here called the West Wind Drift Islands Province

Collott, J.-Y., T. Pelletier, J. Boulin, J. Daniel, J.-P. Eissen, M.A. Fisher, H.G. Greene, S. Lallemand, and M. Monzier. Premier Resultant Des Plongee De La Campagne SUBSPO 1 Dans La Zone De Collision Des Ride D;Entrefcasteaux Et De L'Arc Des Nouvelle-Hebrides. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences 309(2): 1947-1954. 1989

Comeau, L.A., A.F. Vezina, M. Bourgeois, and S.K. Juniper. Relationship Between Phytoplankton Production and the Physical Structure of the Water Column Near Cobb Seamount, Northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 42(6): 993-1005. 1995
     Abstract:  The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the Cobb Seamount (northeast Pacific) on phytoptankton biomass and primary production. In August 1991, we sampled along six 30 km spokes radiating outward from the summit of Cobb Seamount. Surface chlorophyll a (Chl a) and incident light conditions were relatively uniform over this mesoscale sampling grid, but primary production varied over a ten-fold range. Statistical analyses linked these production variations to a subsurface ( gt 50 m) thermohaline front skirting the flanks of the seamount. The thermal stratification of surface waters ( lt 50 m) also changed across the front, generally increasing toward the seamount. These physical changes in turn were associated with a shallowing and intensification of subsurface Chl a maxima, increases in diatom biovolume, and increases in production to biomass ratios. Although nutrient isolines domed slightly upward over the seamount, this physical feature did not seem to enrich surface waters or stimulate production. It appeared that growth and production rates were enhanced by increased stability of the upper water column that led to an improved subsurface light regime. Possible associations of these physical-biological interactions with the seamount are discussed

Coyle, K.O., G.L. Hunt, M.B. Decker, and T.J. Weingartner. Murre Foraging, Epibenthic Sound Scattering and Tidal Advection Over a Shoal Near St. George Island, Bering Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 83: 1-14. 1991

Criales, M.M. and M.F. McGowan. Occurrence and Description of Mysis Larvae of a Mesopelagic Shrimp Species of the Genus Gennadas (Crustacea: Decapoda: Aristeidae) From Coastal Waters of South Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science 53(3): 973-984. 1993
     Abstract:  Four mysis stages of a species of Gennadas, very likely G. valens, are described and illustrated, and their differences from the only described larvae of a species of this genus, G. elegans, are discussed. The larvae were collected downstream and inshore from a seamount on the continental shelf in the Florida Keys between 24.5 degree N, 80.7 degree W and 25 degree N, 80.3 degree W. Adults and juveniles of species of Gennadas have previously been reported as strong diel vertical migrators aggregated at depths of 550-950 m during the day and 75-425 m at night; and larvae have been reported as common between 50 and 100 m deep. This is the first description of larvae of a species of Gennadas other than G. elegans and the first report of larvae of a species of Gennadas at less than 50 m in depth

Crosnier, A. Sur Les Heterocarpus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) Du Sud-Ouest De L'Ocean Indien.  Remarques Sur D'Autres Especes Ouest-Pacifique Du Genre Et Description De Quatre Taxa Nouveau. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section A Zoologie 4(10A): 57-103. 1988

Crosnier, A. Contributions a L'Etude Des Genres Haliporus Bate, 1881 Et Gordonella Tirmizi, 1960 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Panaeoidea). Description De Deux Especes Nouvelle. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section A Zoologie 4(10A): 563-601. 1989

Crossland, J. and R. Grandperrin. The Development of Deep Bottom Fishing in the Tropical Pacific. Indo-Pacific Fisheries Commission.Proceedings, 19th session, Occas.Pap., edition 17, Noumea (New Caledonia), p. -12. 1980
     Abstract: This paper presents a brief review of the Outer Reef Artisanal Fisheries Project which terminated in 1977, and describes in more detail the Commission's current project, the Deep Sea Fisheries Development Project. The aim of the Deep Sea Fisheries Development Project is to encourage development of a small-scale fishery for deep water bottom fishes occurring on the outer reef slopes and on sea mounts in depths of 100-400m. The project spends several months at one place under the control of a master fisherman. It demonstrates the techniques of deep water droplining using wooden handreels, monofilament line and wire terminal rigs. Fishing is done from local boats, either government or private. Local fishermen receive on-the-job training in all aspects of the operation. Between March 1978 and March 1980 the project visited American Samoa, Tonga (twice), Niue (twice), Yap, Tanna (New Hebrides), Kosrae, Palau, New Caledonia and Papua New Guinea. Lutjanid fishes comprised about half the catch by weight, of which Etelis oculatus, E. carbunculus and Pristipomoides sp. were the most important. Other important types were carangids, serranids, lethrinids and gempylids. The average catch in kg per reel per fishing hour varied from 2.8 at Niue to 9.6 at Kosrae. It is considered that in several places the catch rates achieved are sufficient to make this type of fishing economically viable

d'Hondt, J.-L. Bryozoaires De Nouvelle-Calédonie Et Du Plateau Des Chesterfield. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section A Zoologie 8(4): 697-756. 1986

d'Hondt, J.-L. and D.P. Gordon. Byozoa: Cténostomes Et Cheilostomes (Cellularines, Scrupariines Et Malacostèges) Des Campagnes Musorstom Autour De La Nouvelle-Calédonie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 168: 55-59. 1996

Darnitskij, V.B., V.L. Boldyrev, and A.F. Volkov. Environmental conditions and some ecological characteristics of fishes from the central north Pacific seamounts.  in: Conditions of Formation of Commercial Fish Concentrations. Proceedings, P.A.Moiseev [ed.], Ministry of Fisheries of USSR. All-Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries & Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, pp. 64-77. 1984
     Abstract: The variability of planktonic communities from the Pacific Ocean seamounts especially from the Hawaiian and Emperor seamounts may be caused by seasonal and inter-year dynamics of the total biomass, short-term variability in the planktonic community, the advection of adjoint water masses and by eddies. Calculated annual diet of boar fish occuring in the Kinmei Seamount area suggests that macroplankton biomass brought with currents does not fully compensate for energy expenditures of the fish and should be summed up with the local plankton generations in vicinity of seamounts and advection from the adjacent areas

Darnitskij, V.B. and N.I. Zigel'man. Structure and Evolution of an Eddy Field in the Area of the Colahan Seamount. [Struktura i Ehvolyutsiya Vikhrevogo Polya v Rajone Gory Kolakhan.]. Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov (Vniro): 85-107. 1986
     Abstract:  The analysis of eddy field structure and evolution in the area of the Colahan Seamount points to a considerable synoptic variability of horizontal and vertical water structure under the effect of topographic cyclogenesis. The observed peculiarities influence bioproduction in the mesopelagial of surrounding water

Darnitskij, V.B. Taylor eddies in the Pulkovskaya Seamount area, variability of oceanological fields in the vicinity of Eltanin Seamounts, biological productivity. [Vikhri Tehjlora v rajone gory Pulkovskaya...].  in: Biological Resources of the Thalassobathyal World Ocean. [Biologicheskie Resursy Talassobatial'Noj Zony Mirovogo Okeana.], A.S.Grechina [ed.], Sb.Nauchn.Tr., Vniro, pp. 203-231. 1991
     Abstract: The paper considers the effect of topographic eddy dynamics on the distribution of plankton communities and, consequently, on fish migrations in the vicinity of seamount summits. Changes in the water structure near the seamount summits result in changes in the general level of biological productivity depending on the predominance of sub-Arctic or subtropical waters in different periods. Intradiurnal, diurnal and interdiurnal wave processes determined by internal tidal waves and entrained shelf Kelvin waves affect fluctuations of oceanological characteristics (mineral salts) and therefore local plankton biomasses

Darnitskij, V.B. and V.Z. Boldyrev. Patterns of fish distribution above the seamounts of the Eltania Fracture zone.  in: Biologicheskie Resursy Talassobatial'Noi Zony Mirovo Okeana: Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov. [Biological Resources of the World Ocean Thalassobathyal: Collected Papers], A.S.Grechina [ed.], VNIRO, Moskva, pp. 258-275. 1991

Darnitskij, V.B. and V.Z. Boldyrev. On the causes of local instability of seamount ecosystems in the Eltanin Fracture Zone. [O prichinakh lokal'noj neustojchivosti ehkosistem podvodnykh gor zony razlomov Ehltanin.].  in: Pelagic Ecosystems of the Southern Ocean. [Pelagicheskie Ehkosistemy Yuzhnogo Okeana], N.M.Voronina [ed.], Nauka, Moskva (Russia), p. 97. 1993
     Abstract: Practically unpredictable short-time dynamics of plankton biomass and fish abundance as well as considerable abrupt changes of hydrological conditions in the vicinity of seamounts were observed during several surveys in the area. The synoptic-scale instability of biological communities is largely attributable to the rearrangement of hydrophysical fields, primarily to the dynamics of eddy systems. The synoptic variability of hydrological parameters near seamounts is more intensive in comparison with the background conditions due to the proximity of topographic and satellite eddies. Their interaction is complicated by the intensification of wave processes. The hydrological processes have a considerable effect on the structure and variability of plankton communities in the thalassobathyal zone causing redistribution of fish

DARNITSKY, V.B. Some Causes of Variability in the Bio- and Fish-Productivity of the Mesopelagial (Near Seamounts). Fishes of the All-Union Conference, Investigations and Rational Utilization of the Bioresources of the Open Ocean (Fishes of the Mesopelagial), Moscow, pp. 102-123. 1985

Davis, C.S. and P.H. Weibe. Macrozooplankton Biomass in a Warm-Core Gulf Stream Ring:  Time Series Changes in Size Structure. Journal of Geophysical Research 90: 8871-8884. 1985

Davis, E.E. Juan De Fuca Ridge Atlas : SeaMARC 2 Acoustic Imagery [Atlas De La Crete De Juan De Fuca : Images Acoustiques Du SeaMARC 2].  1984

Dawson, E.W. and J.C. Yaldwyn. Lithodes Nintokuae: A Deep-Water King Crab (Crustacea, Anomura, Lithodidae) Newly Recorded From Hawaii [USA]. Pacific Science 39(1): 16-23. 1985
     Abstract:  Lithodes nintokuae, previously known from five specimens from the Emperor Seamount Chain, northwest of Midway Islands, is redescribed from abundant material taken at a series of localities along the Midway/Hawaiian Islands Ridge. Its recorded depth range is 450 to 1070 m. Rostral and carapace characters place it in the "L. tropicalis group" of the genus Lithodes. Features are given which differentiate it from the five other members of this group

Dean, W.E. and J.V. Gardner. Data on the Geochemistry of Pelagic Clay on the Abyssal Plain Surrounding Shimada Seamount, Eastern Equatorial North Pacific.  p. 12. 1987

Del Cerro, L. and D. Lloris. Gurnard Fishes (Scorpaeniformes, Triglidae) From Off New Caledonia, With Description of Five New Species. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 174: 91-124. 1997

Demenitskaia, R.M. and G.S. Dzotsenidze. Podvodnye Gory : (Probl. Geofiz. Izuch.), Ministerstvo geologii SSSR. Nauchno-proizvodstvennoe obedinenie "Sevmorgeo." Nauchno-issledovatelskii institut geologii Arktiki. 1978

Denis, F., D. Jollivet, and D. Moraga. Genetic Separation of Two Allopatric Populations of Hydrothermal Snails Alviniconcha Spp. (Gastropoda) From Two South Western Pacific Back-Arc Basins
63. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 21(4): 431-440. 1993

Denny, M., J. Dairiki, and S. Distefano. Biological Consequences of Topography on Wave-Swept Rocky Shores: I. Enhancement of External Fertilization. Biological Bulletin 183: 220-232. 1992

Denton, A.W.S. Tectonics and Sediment Geochemistry of Tuzo Wilson Seamounts, Northeast Pacific Ocean.  p. xiii-183. 1986

Detinova, N.N. and A.Y. Sagajdaxhnyj. Vertical Distribution of Bottom Fauna on the Walters Bank Slope (Madagascar Ridge) [Vertikal'Noe Raspredelenie Fauny Na Sklone Banki Uolters (Madagaskarskij Khrebet)], Bottom Fauna of Seamounts [Donnaya Fauna Podvodnykh Gor], Trudy Instituta okeanologii Akademia NAUK (SSSR), vol. 129, Nauka, Tr.Ioranpp. 17-30. 1994
     Abstract: The paper analyzes material collected by the Sigsby trawl and commercial shrimp trawl as well as underwater photography data. The use of data collected by different gear made it possible to obtain a reliable picture of changes in the bottom fauna from the top of the bank down the slope to the depth of 1700m. The efficiency of the shrimp trawl is discussed. The quantitative distribution and trophic structure of megabenthos is considered

Devey, C. Cruise Report SO-100 : the Foundation Seamount Chain [Fahrbericht SO-100 : Die Foundation Seamountkette : Suva (Fiji)-Valparaiso (Chile), 29.1.95-22.3.95].  p. 123. 1995

Diehl, M. Dei Neue, Okologisch Extreme Sand-Ascidie Von Der Josephinebank: Seriocarpa Rhizoides Diehl 1969 (Ascidiacea, Styelidae)
3. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse: Reihe D 7: 43-58. 1970

Dieu, J.J. The Northern Emperors : Histories of Rejuvenated Alkalic Volcanism and Ice-Rafting.  p. ix-215. 1990

Dolganov, V.N. Discovery of a Rare Rabbitfish Species, Chimaera Owstoni (Holocephali, Chimaeridae), in the Region of the Northwestern Underwater Ridge. Journal of Ichthyology 22(6): 145-146. 1982

Dolganov, V.N. A New Shark From the Family Squalidae Caught on the Nazca Submarine Ridge. Zoologicheskij zhurnal (Moscow) 63: 1589-1591. 1984

Dolin, L. and P. Bouchet. Lorsque Deux Mythes Deviennent Realite.  When Mythic Shells Become Real. Rossiniana 32: 19-28. 1986

Dooley, H.D. Aspects of Oceanographic Variability on Scottish Fishing Grounds, University of Aberdeen, Scotlandp. -154. 1984

Dower, J., H. Freeland, and K. Juniper. A Strong Biological Response to Oceanic Flow Past Cobb Seamount. Deep-Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers 39(7-8): 1139-1145. 1992
     Abstract:  We report results of a CTD and chlorophyll a survey from Cobb Seamount, a shallow seamount in the northeast Pacific. Out results show a several-fold increased in the standing crop of chlorophyll a is centered over the seamount. Current meter and drifter data indicate an anticyclonic deflection of deep currents around Cobb consistent with a theoretical stratified Taylor cone. Cobb differs from other seamounts where similar phenomena have been reported (OWENS and HOGG, 1980, Deep-Sea Research, 27, 1029-1045; GOULD et al., 1981, Deep-Sea Research, 28, 409-440; GENIN and BOEHLERT, 1985, Journal of Marine Research, 43, 907-924) in that its summit penetrates well into the euphotic zone. A Taylor column existing at such shallow depths could locally enhance primary production, providing a significant source of energy for higher trophic levels on the seamount. Indirect evidence for such a scenario comes from observations of a high biomass benthic community on Cobb Seamount

Dower, J.F. and D.L. Mackas. "Seamount Effects" in the Zooplankton Community Near Cobb Seamount. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 43(6): 837-858. 1996
     Abstract:  Oceanic seamounts often support large nektonic stocks. Since the mid-1950s it has been believed that this high productivity results, in part, from biological response to the physical interaction between oceanic currents and the abrupt topographic profiles represented by most seamounts. The "classic theory" for the production/maintenance of seamount nektonic stocks suggests that (i) the combination of localized upwelling and the trapping/concentrating action of closed anticyclonic vortices (i.e. Taylor cones) enhance local primary production, (ii) thereby promoting local secondary productivity that, (iii) supports local nektonic populations. Here we test one element of this theory: whether proximity to a shallow seamount is associated with changes in zooplankton abundance and species composition. Zooplankton samples were collected near Cobb Seamount, a shallow ( lt 100 m) northeast Pacific seamount 50-km west of Vancouver Island. Both upwelling and closed recirculations occur at Cobb Seamount, but the latter is confined to depths gt 100 m and is not an effective retention mechanism. Total zooplankton abundance did not vary significantly on- versus off-seamount. However, using a variety of nonparametric multivariate techniques we demonstrate that a "seamount effect" on zooplankton-community composition is detectable up to 30 km from the seamount summit. This effect is super-imposed on (and locally much stronger than) the expected slow decline in resemblance as between-sample geographic distance increases. Possible mechanisms by which this effect operates include: differential growth or reproduction, differential mortality and behavioral or migratory effects. The on-off seamount differences are accounted for largely by the increased relative abundances of two fast-growing opportunists, doliolids (Dolioletta sp.) and larvaceans (Oikopleura sp.), near Cobb Seamount. Predation pressure from seamount fish and active avoidance of the seamount by zooplankton may also play a role in generating the seamount effect. The absence of an effective trapping mechanism and the fact that total zooplankton abundance does not increase near the seamount lead us to conclude that the bottom-up model of localized energy transfer proposed under the "classic hypothesis" is incorrect for Cobb Seamount: nektonic stocks at Cobb Seamount (and, possibly, other shallow seamounts) are more likely supported by flow-through (i.e. advected) rather than local production

Dower, J.F. Biological Consequences of Current-Topography Interactions at Cobb Seamount, University of Victoriap. xiii-229. 1994

Dozen, K. and H. Ishiga. Estimation of Current Velocity and Direction From Orientation of Conical Radiolarians in Lower Jurassic Bedded Cherts From Southwest Japan: Indications of Eddy-Driven Sedimentation. Marine Micropaleontology 30(1-3): 197-214. 1997
     Abstract:  Paleo-current activity of deep marine environments was analyzed by studying the sedimentation characteristics of conical-shaped radiolarian tests from Lower Jurassic bedded cherts in the Inuyama area, Central Japan. As representatives of conical-shaped radiolarians, Parahsuum spp. were analyzed in a flume experiment. The results indicate that the preferred azimuth orientation of the shells is correlated to the current velocity. This result is used to evaluate current velocity and direction in Lower Jurassic bedded cherts. The bedded cherts examined and ranging from the Triassic-Jurassic boundary to Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) are divided in ascending order into red, red-green, green and black to gray bedded chert units. Supplementary sections of the Lower Jurassic are also examined. Estimated current velocities within the red bedded chert sequences are usually higher than in the black bedded chert sequences, although current velocity varies in each horizon. Current direction within the examined sections varies between chert beds. Within single beds of the red-green and black cherts, current velocity has also been examined in intervals of less than 1 mm thickness. Examination of red-green bedded cherts reveals that current velocity altered rhythmically even during the deposition of a single bed. Within black bedded cherts, one bed shows slower current with varied current directions, while another shows rather rapid current with steady orientation. Faster currents during the deposition of red and red-green bedded cherts are concordant to inferred stagnant conditions in black bedded cherts with associated weak bottom-water circulation. The measured current direction generally varies both between beds and within single beds, which means bottom currents were not uniform direction but had a variety of directions in the sedimentary basin. Bedded cherts are representative of high productivity by silica-precipitating biogenic plankton and may be formed on topographic highs such as seamounts, where nutrients are supplied at a high rate by upwelling. The variation of current velocity and direction indicates a depositional basin with an irregular topography where current eddies may have formed

Dubochkin, A.S. and A.N. Kotlyar. On the Feeding of Alfoncino (Beryx Splendens ). Journal of Ichthyology 29(5): 1-8. 1989
     Abstract:  The quantitative and qualitative composition of the diet of alfoncino (Beryx splendens ) associated with the Kito and Naska seamounts are presented. The basic diet consists of crustaceans and fishes. A tendency for fish to predominate in the diet was noted in larger fish. Alfoncino represent consumer trophic level III assuming the role of nektonic predator

Dugdale, R. Spatial and Temporal Variability in Nutrient Patterns, Productivity and Algal Species.  p. 3. 1998
     Abstract: This award funded a graduate student to complete analysis of data obtained during cruises made during the ONR funded TOPO ARI cruises (1989-1991) to Fieberling Guyot. The analysis specifically addressed a) using the dominant pigments to identify the phytoplankton groups contributing to productivity station by station, to examine if there were differences above, on the side and away from the seamount, and b) identifying the nutracline at each station using detailed nanomolar and micromolar measurements, and overlaying the fluorescence maxima data to compare relative nutracline/chlorophyll maxima relationships of Fieberling with those at shallower topographical features. N- 15 uptake showed that depth-integrated values of ammonium uptake were greater than for nitrate-the ecosystem is a recycling microbial loop system. The pigment data supported this with pigments characteristic of small-celled autotrophs (typically that use ammonium as a nitrogen source rather than nitrate), dominating after chlorophylls a and b, i.e. zeaxanthin (contained by phycobilin-containing cyanobacteria); 1 9-hexanoyfoxyfu